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REVIEW

Tiny messengers, big results: A review of exosome-mediated treatments and considerations in dermatology

Dorra Guermazi1†* ,  Saira Khan2† ,  Asghar Shah1 ,  Elie Saliba3*
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1 Department of Dermatology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
2 Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
3 Department of Dermatology, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
GPD 2024, 3(2), 3230 https://doi.org/10.36922/gpd.3230
Submitted: 21 March 2024 | Accepted: 17 May 2024 | Published: 4 July 2024
© 2024 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that play an important role in intercellular communication by transporting proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids between cells. They have emerged as relevant research areas due to their involvement in regulating various physiological and pathological processes. This review explores the potential applications of exosome-based therapies in dermatology and examines the safety aspects of these treatments. Past research has demonstrated that exosomes may effectively treat conditions such as alopecia and accelerate wound healing by stimulating hair follicle growth and enhancing tissue regeneration. Studies have shown that exosomes can promote the proliferation of dermal papilla cells and hair follicle growth in cases of alopecia. They also accelerate wound healing by modulating processes involved in inflammation, cell migration, and tissue remodeling. However, more research is needed to fully characterize the long-term safety profile of exosomes and establish standardized clinical protocols. Both human-derived and plant-derived exosomes appear to have favorable safety profiles based on current evidence, though plant sources may offer advantages in terms of production and biocompatibility. Continued exploration of exosomes’ mechanisms and potential risks will optimize these innovations and offer safe, effective exosome treatments to patients. While further research is warranted, current findings provide valuable insights into the applications of exosome therapy for dermatological conditions and its emerging role in precision medicine.

Keywords
Exosomes
Alopecia
Wound healing
Tissue regeneration
Regenerative medicine
Funding
None.
Conflict of interest
No conflicts of interests to declare.
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Gene & Protein in Disease, Electronic ISSN: 2811-003X Published by AccScience Publishing
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