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REVIEW

Advancing CRISPR technologies in reproductive biology

Shiza Hanif1† ,  Hamid Nawaz1† ,  Ali Afzal2,3† ,  Umair Ali Khan Saddozai4 ,  Muhammad Babar Khawar1,4* ,  Xinying Ji5,6*
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1 Applied Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Narowal, Narowal, Punjab, Pakistan
2 Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciensces, Guangdong Province, China
3 Molecular Medicine and Cancer Therapeutics Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
4 Institute of Translation Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
5 Faculty of Basic Medical Subjects, Shu-Qing Medical College of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
6 Department of Medicine, Huaxian County People’s Hospital, Huaxian, Henan, China
GPD 2024, 3(1), 2701 https://doi.org/10.36922/gpd.2701
Submitted: 10 January 2024 | Accepted: 2 February 2024 | Published: 25 March 2024
© 2024 by the Author (s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) technology, a transformative tool for genetic modifications, gene therapy, and treating various genetic diseases, has recently garnered significant attention for its applications in reproductive biology. In this realm, researchers are focusing on addressing gynecological disorders, refining assisted reproductive methods, and conducting precise germ cell editing. The potential impact of CRISPR in these areas is monumental; however, several research gaps persist, demanding further investigation into the long-term effects, safety implications, and unintended consequences of its applications in reproductive biology. Refining the precision and specificity of CRISPR technology is a critical aspect that necessitates addressing challenges such as off-target effects and cytotoxicity. These considerations underscore the urgency for ongoing research efforts to ensure the efficacy and safety of CRISPR applications. In addition, the establishment of robust regulatory frameworks and oversight mechanisms specific to CRISPR in reproductive contexts is imperative to guarantee the responsible and ethical use of this powerful technology. This comprehensive review delves into the advantages of CRISPR over traditional gene editing methods, providing insights into its applications in embryos, pluripotent stem cells, and germline cells. It further explores the risks and limitations associated with CRISPR, including ethical concerns related to designer babies and eugenics. The article sheds light on the regulatory landscape governing new CRISPR applications in reproductive biology, emphasizing the continuous improvements in the efficiency and specificity of CRISPR technology. In contributing to the ongoing discourse, this review aims to inform and guide the responsible and effective application of CRISPR in the dynamic field of reproductive biology.

Keywords
CRISPR
Reproduction
Germ line editing
Gynecological disorders
Ethical concerns
Funding
None.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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Gene & Protein in Disease, Electronic ISSN: 2811-003X Published by AccScience Publishing
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