AccScience Publishing / MI / Online First / DOI: 10.36922/MI025380103
Submit to MI
Cite this article
4
Download
189
Views
Journal Browser
Volume | Year
Issue
Search
Forthcoming Issue
Current Issue
View All
News and Announcements
View All
REVIEW ARTICLE

Advances in monkeypox-related research: India’s strategic response and scientific contributions

Muhammed Muhsin Varikkodan1* ,  Faisal Kunnathodi2 ,  Mohammad Abdulkader Akbarsha1,3,4
Show Less
1 Jamal Vaccine Research Centre, Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
2 Health Research Center, Ministry of Defense Health Services, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
3 Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, National College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
4 Mahatma Gandhi-Doerenkamp Centre, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
MI, 025380103 https://doi.org/10.36922/MI025380103
Received: 17 September 2025 | Revised: 12 November 2025 | Accepted: 16 December 2025 | Published online: 2 January 2026
© 2026 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
Download PDF
XML
Cite
Abstract

The resurgence of mpox (formerly known as monkeypox), caused by the mpox virus, has emerged as a global health concern, extending beyond its endemic regions and affecting countries such as India since 2022. Although less severe than smallpox, mpox shares clinical similarities with smallpox, complicating clinical diagnosis and reporting. Its rapid transmission, coupled with the absence of targeted vaccines and antiviral therapies, underscores the urgent need for focused research and public health preparedness. This review synthesizes findings from over 350 publications originating from Indian institutions, highlighting progress in epidemiology, clinical characterization, genomic analysis, vaccine development, and public health strategies. It discusses breakthroughs in diagnostics, molecular studies, and therapeutic approaches, while identifying key challenges and future priorities. The World Health Organization’s declaration of mpox as a public health emergency of international concern in 2022 has catalyzed research efforts in India. Indian scientists have responded with a surge in publications, exploring viral pathogenesis, host interactions, and the development of novel diagnostic tools and vaccines. The review also emphasizes the role of computational biology, artificial intelligence, and traditional medicine in shaping India’s response. India has made significant progress in mpox-related research, particularly in diagnostics, clinical management, and epidemiology. However, the absence of specific vaccines and antiviral treatments remains a critical gap. Continued investment in research, international collaboration, and policy innovation will be essential for developing effective containment and treatment strategies. With sustained efforts, India is well-positioned to make a meaningful contribution to global mpox control and preparedness.

Graphical abstract
Keywords
Monkeypox
Mpox virus
Zoonotic diseases
India public health response
Mpox virus research in India
Funding
None.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
References
  1. Vaughan A, Aarons E, Astbury J, et al. Human-to-human transmission of monkeypox virus, United Kingdom, October 2018. Emerg Infect Dis. 2020;26(4):782-785. doi: 10.3201/eid2604.191164

 

  1. Simpson K, Heymann D, Brown CS, et al. Human monkeypox - After 40 years, an unintended consequence of smallpox eradication. Vaccine. 2020;38(33):5077-5081. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.04.062

 

  1. Levine RS, Peterson AT, Yorita KL, Carroll D, Damon IK, Reynolds MG. Ecological niche and geographic distribution of human monkeypox in Africa. PLoS One. 2007;2(1):e176. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000176

 

  1. Cho CT, Wenner HA. Monkeypox virus. Bacteriol Rev. 1973;37(1):1-18. doi: 10.1128/br.37.1.1-18.1973

 

  1. Pastula DM, Tyler KL. An overview of monkeypox virus and its neuroinvasive potential. Ann Neurol. 2022;92(4):527-531. doi: 10.1002/ana.26473

 

  1. Varikkodan MM, Bukhari AS, Syed MH, Akbarsha MA. Mpox outbreak: Global public health emergency for the second time in two years. Curr Sci. 2024;127(8):898-899.

 

  1. McCollum AM, Damon IK. Human monkeypox. Clin Infect Dis. 2014;58(2):260-267. doi: 10.1093/cid/cit703

 

  1. Huhn GD, Bauer AM, Yorita K, et al. Clinical characteristics of human monkeypox, and risk factors for severe disease. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;41(12):1742-1751. doi: 10.1086/498115

 

  1. Mitja O, Ogoina D, Titanji BK, et al. Monkeypox. Lancet. 2023;401(10370):60-74. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02075-X

 

  1. Vasu M, Gopalakrishnan LG, Jaya AM, et al. Investigation and response to Monkeypox virus infection in Kerala, India, July 2022. Clin Epidemiol Glob Health. 2023;23(1):101-345.

 

  1. Guarner J, Del Rio C, Malani PN. Monkeypox in 2022-what clinicians need to know. JAMA. 2022;328(2):139-140. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.10802

 

  1. Reda A, Dhama K. Mpox impact on different organ systems: Complications, mechanisms, and management. Rev Med Virol. 2023;33(4):e2443. doi: 10.1002/rmv.2443

 

  1. Poland GA, Kennedy RB, Tosh PK. Prevention of monkeypox with vaccines: A rapid review. Lancet Infect Dis. 2022;22(12):e349-e358. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00574-6

 

  1. Von Magnus P, Andersen EK, Petersen KB, Birch Andersen A. A pox-like disease in cynomolgus monkeys. Acta Path Micro Scand. 1959;46(2):156-176.

 

  1. Parker S, Buller RM. A review of experimental and natural infections of animals with monkeypox virus between 1958 and 2012. Future Virol. 2013;8(2):129-157. doi: 10.2217/fvl.12.130

 

  1. Ladnyj ID, Ziegler P, Kima E. A human infection caused by monkeypox virus in Basankusu Territory, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Bull World Health Organ. 1972;46(5):593-597.

 

  1. Likos AM, Sammons SA, Olson VA, et al. A tale of two clades: Monkeypox viruses. J Gen Virol. 2005;86(Pt 10):2661-2672. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.81215-0

 

  1. Singhal T, Kabra SK, Lodha R. Monkeypox: A review. Indian J Pediatr. 2022;89(10):955-960. doi: 10.1007/s12098-022-04348-0

 

  1. Bunge EM, Hoet B, Chen L, et al. The changing epidemiology of human monkeypox-A potential threat? A systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2022;16(2):e0010141. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010141

 

  1. Srivastava S, Kumar S, Jain S, et al. The global monkeypox (Mpox) outbreak: A comprehensive review. Vaccines (Basel). 2023;11(6):1093. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11061093

 

  1. Ilic I, Zivanovic Macuzic I, Ilic M. Global outbreak of human monkeypox in 2022: Update of epidemiology. Trop Med Infect Dis. 2022;7(10):264. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed7100264

 

  1. EDCC. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Monkeypox Multi-Country Outbreak-Second Update. Stockholm: EDCC; 2022.

 

  1. WHO. Surveillance, Case Investigation and Contact Tracing for Monkeypox: Interim Guidance. Geneva: WHO; 2022.

 

  1. Liang C, Qian J, Liu L. Biological characteristics, biosafety prevention and control strategies for the 2022 multi-country outbreak of monkeypox. Biosaf Health. 2022;4(6):376-385. doi: 10.1016/j.bsheal.2022.11.001

 

  1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Update: Multistate outbreak of monkeypox - Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Missouri, Ohio, and Wisconsin, 2003. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2003;52(25):589-590.

 

  1. Jezek Z, Szczeniowski M, Paluku KM, Mutombo M. Human monkeypox: Clinical features of 282 patients. J Infect Dis. 1987;156(2):293-298. doi: 10.1093/infdis/156.2.293

 

  1. Kameli N, Algaissi A, Taha MME, et al. Monkeypox global research: A comprehensive analysis from emergence to present (1961-2023) for innovative prevention and control approaches. J Infect Public Health. 2025;18(1):102593. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102593

 

  1. Viedma-Martinez M, Dominguez-Tosso FR, Jimenez-Gallo D, et al. MPXV Transmission at a Tattoo Parlor. Ne Engl J Med. 2023;388(1):92-94. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2210823

 

  1. Shingleton J, Williams H, Oligbu G, et al. The changing epidemiology of PIMS-TS across COVID-19 waves: Prospective national surveillance, January 2021 to July 2022, England. J Infect. 2022;85(6):702-769. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2022.10.017

 

  1. Blacksell SD, Dhawan S, Kusumoto M, et al. The biosafety research road map: The search for evidence to support practices in the laboratory-Mpox/Monkeypox virus. Appl Biosaf. 2023;28(3):152-161. doi: 10.1089/apb.2022.0045

 

  1. Ogoina D, Ogunsola FT. Monkeypox and the health-care environment. Lancet Microbe. 2022;3(12):e889-e890. doi: 10.1016/S2666-5247(22)00286-5

 

  1. Malone SM, Mitra AK, Onumah NA, et al. Safety and efficacy of post-eradication smallpox vaccine as an Mpox vaccine: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023;20(4):2963. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20042963

 

  1. Akter F, Hasan TB, Alam F, et al. Effect of prior immunisation with smallpox vaccine for protection against human Mpox: A systematic review. Rev Med Virol. 2023;33(4):e2444. doi: 10.1002/rmv.2444

 

  1. Letafati A, Sakhavarz T. Monkeypox virus: A review. Microb Pathog. 2023;176:106027. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106027

 

  1. Rizk JG, Lippi G, Henry BM, Forthal DN, Rizk Y. Prevention and treatment of monkeypox. Drugs. 2022;82(9):957-963. doi: 10.1007/s40265-022-01742-y

 

  1. Chakraborty S, Mohapatra RK, Chandran D, et al. Monkeypox vaccines and vaccination strategies: Current knowledge and advances. An update - Correspondence. Int J Surg. 2022;105:106869. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106869

 

  1. Mohamed NA, Zupin L, Mazi SI, Al-Khatib HA, Crovella S. Nanomedicine as a potential tool against Monkeypox. Vaccines (Basel). 2023;11(2):428. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11020428

 

  1. Freyn AW, Atyeo C, Earl PL, et al. An mpox virus mRNA-lipid nanoparticle vaccine confers protection against lethal orthopoxviral challenge. Sci Transl Med. 2023;15(716):eadg3540. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adg3540

 

  1. Cabanillas B, Valdelvira R, Akdis CA. Monkeypox outbreak in Europe, UK, North America, and Australia: A changing trend of a zoonotic disease. Allergy. 2022;77(8):2284-2286. doi: 10.1111/all.15393

 

  1. Kugelman JR, Johnston SC, Mulembakani PM, et al. Genomic variability of monkeypox virus among humans, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014;20(2):232-239. doi: 10.3201/eid2002.130118

 

  1. Shchelkunov SN, Totmenin AV, Safronov PF, et al. Analysis of the monkeypox virus genome. Virology. 2002;297(2):172-194. doi: 10.1006/viro.2002.1446

 

  1. Lu T, Wu Z, Jiang S, Lu L, Liu H. The current emergence of monkeypox: The recurrence of another smallpox? Biosaf Health. 2022;4(6):369-375. doi: 10.1016/j.bsheal.2022.09.004

 

  1. Pickup DJ. Extracellular virions: The advance guard of poxvirus infections. PLoS Pathog. 2015;11(7):e1004904. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004904

 

  1. Gong Q, Wang C, Chuai X, Chiu S. Monkeypox virus: A re-emergent threat to humans. Virol Sin. 2022;37(4):477-482. doi: 10.1016/j.virs.2022.07.006

 

  1. Stilpeanu RI, Stercu AM, Stancu AL, Tanca A, Bucur O. Monkeypox: A global health emergency. Front Microbiol. 2023;14:1094794. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1094794

 

  1. Realegeno S, Puschnik AS, Kumar A, et al. Monkeypox virus host factor screen using haploid cells identifies essential role of GARP complex in extracellular virus formation. J Virol. 2017;91(11):e00011-17. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00011-17

 

  1. Lopera JG, Falendysz EA, Rocke TE, Osorio JE. Attenuation of monkeypox virus by deletion of genomic regions. Virology. 2015;475:129-38. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2014.11.009

 

  1. Arndt WD, White SD, Johnson BP, et al. Monkeypox virus induces the synthesis of less dsRNA than vaccinia virus, and is more resistant to the anti-poxvirus drug, IBT, than vaccinia virus. Virology. 2016;497:125-135. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.07.016

 

  1. Arndt WD, Cotsmire S, Trainor K, et al. Evasion of the innate immune type I interferon system by monkeypox virus. J Virol. 2015;89(20):10489-10499. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00304-15

 

  1. Qudus MS, Cui X, Tian M, et al. The prospective outcome of the monkeypox outbreak in 2022 and characterization of monkeypox disease immunobiology. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2023;13:1196699. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1196699

 

  1. Chahroudi A, Chavan R, Kozyr N, Waller EK, Silvestri G, Feinberg MB. Vaccinia virus tropism for primary hematolymphoid cells is determined by restricted expression of a unique virus receptor. J Virol. 2005;79(16):10397-10407. doi: 10.1128/jvi.79.16.10397-10407.2005

 

  1. Hutson CL, Damon IK. Monkeypox virus infections in small animal models for evaluation of anti-poxvirus agents. Viruses. 2010;2(12):2763-2776. doi: 10.3390/v2122763

 

  1. Sergeev AA, Kabanov AS, Bulychev LE, et al. The possibility of using the ICR mouse as an animal model to assess antimonkeypox drug efficacy. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2016;63(5):e419-e430. doi: 10.1111/tbed.12323

 

  1. Hatch GJ, Graham VA, Bewley KR, et al. Assessment of the protective effect of Imvamune and Acam2000 vaccines against aerosolized monkeypox virus in cynomolgus macaques. J Virol. 2013;87(14):7805-7815. doi: 10.1128/JVI.03481-12

 

  1. Barnewall RE, Fisher DA, Robertson AB, Vales PA, Knostman KA, Bigger JE. Inhalational monkeypox virus infection in cynomolgus macaques. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2012;2:117. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2012.00117

 

  1. Singh T, Baskaran P, Raghav P, Naveen KH. Monkeypox: Current situation in India: An old virus, a new menace? Indian J Community Med. 2022;47(4):628-630. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_719_22

 

  1. Singh T, Sharma S. Mpox in India: Current insights and strategic recommendations. Indian J Community Med. 2025;50(3):539-543. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_723_24

 

  1. William A, Madan M. Monkeypox scenario in India: A review study. Med Rev (2021). 2023;3(3):270-276. doi: 10.1515/mr-2023-0004

 

  1. Yadav PD, Reghukumar A, Sahay RR, et al. First two cases of Monkeypox virus infection in travellers returned from UAE to India, July 2022. J Infect. 2022;85(5):e145-e148. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2022.08.007

 

  1. Sahoo B, Kumar S, Monalisa K, Solanki B, Relhan V. Monkeypox disease in India: Unusual clinical presentation. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2024;90(3):345-348. doi: 10.25259/IJDVL_765_2022

 

  1. Today I. Man with no History of Foreign Travel Tests Positive for Monkeypox in Delhi. Available from: https://www. indiatoday.in/india/story/monkeypox-case-delhi-india-no-travel-history-1979289-2022-07-24 [Last accessed on 2025 Oct 11].

 

  1. Sah R, Mohanty A, Abdelaal A, Reda A, Rodriguez- Morales AJ, Henao-Martinez AF. First Monkeypox deaths outside Africa: no room for complacency. Ther Adv Infect Dis. 2022;9:1-3. doi: 10.1177/20499361221124027

 

  1. Bhat S, Saha S, Garg T, Sehrawat H, Chopade BA, Gupta V. Insights into the challenging multi-country outbreak of Mpox: A comprehensive review. J Med Microbiol. 2023;72(6). doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.001725

 

  1. Wattal C, Datta S. Monkey pox arrives in India. Indian J Med Microbiol. 2022;40(4):473-474. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2022.08.012

 

  1. Aden D, Zaheer S, Kumar R, Ranga S. Monkeypox (Mpox) outbreak during COVID-19 pandemic-Past and the future. J Med Virol. 2023;95(4):e28701. doi: 10.1002/jmv.28701

 

  1. CDSCO Approves Indigenous Mpox Test Kit; 2024. Available from: https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/cdsco-approves-indigenous-mpox-test-kit/ articleshow/112911991.cms [Last accessed on 2025 Dec 30].

 

  1. Isalkar U. India’s First Rapid Mpox Test Kit Ready for Technology Transfer, to Hit Markets Soon: ICMR-NIV. Times of India. Available from: https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/india-launches-revolutionary-rapid-mpox-test-kit-for-quick-and-affordablediagnosis/articleshow/114092917.cms [Last accessed on 2025 Dec 30].

 

  1. Kaul R. Serum Institute to manufacture Mpox vaccine by Danish maker Bavarian Nordic. Hindustan Times. Available from: https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/serum-institute-to-manufacture-mpox-vaccine-by-danish-maker-bavarian-nordic-101734362697161.html [Last accessed on 2025 Dec 30].

 

  1. Ramakrishnan L. Mpox Outbreak: An Opportune Moment for Vaccine Production for India. Observer Reserch Foundation. Available from: https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/ mpox-outbreak-an-opportune-moment-for-vaccine-production-for-india [Last accessed on 2025 Nov 10].

 

  1. Learned LA, Reynolds MG, Wassa DW, et al. Extended interhuman transmission of monkeypox in a hospital community in the Republic of the Congo, 2003. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2005;73(2):428-434.

 

  1. Kantele A, Chickering K, Vapalahti O, Rimoin AW. Emerging diseases-the monkeypox epidemic in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2016;22(8):658-659. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.07.004

 

  1. Jezek Z, Grab B, Szczeniowski M, Paluku KM, Mutombo M. Clinico-epidemiological features of monkeypox patients with an animal or human source of infection. Bull World Health Organ. 1988;66(4):459-464.

 

  1. Aggarwal S, Agarwal P, Nigam K, Vijay N, Yadav P, Gupta N. Mapping the landscape of health research priorities for effective pandemic preparedness in human Mpox virus disease. Pathogens. 2023;12(11):1352. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12111352

 

  1. Shete AM, Yadav PD, Kumar A, et al. Genome characterization of monkeypox cases detected in India: Identification of three sub clusters among A. 2 lineage. J Infect. 2023;86(1):66-117. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2022.09.024

 

  1. Relhan V, Sahay RR, Shete AM, et al. Clinical presentation, viral kinetics, and management of human monkeypox cases from New Delhi, India 2022. J Med Virol. 2023;95(1):e28249. doi: 10.1002/jmv.28249

 

  1. Yadav PD, Vasu M, Abubaker F, et al. An imported case of fatal encephalitis associated with mpox virus infection, India, July 2022. J Med Virol. 2023;95(4):e28755. doi: 10.1002/jmv.28755

 

  1. Jolly B, Scaria V. A distinct phylogenetic cluster of Monkeypox genomes suggests an early and cryptic spread of the virus. J Infect. 2023;86(1):e24-e26. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2022.08.013

 

  1. Vatsyayan A, Arvinden VR, Scaria V. Systematic in-silico evaluation of the diagnostic impact of Mpox genome variants in the current outbreak. Mol Diagn Ther. 2023;27(2):275-280. doi: 10.1007/s40291-022-00629-8

 

  1. Desingu PA, Nagarajan K, Sundaresan NR. Unique tandem repeats in the inverted terminal repeat regions of monkeypox viruses. Microbiol Spectr. 2023;11(2):e0319922. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.03199-22

 

  1. Desingu PA, Rubeni TP, Sundaresan NR. Evolution of monkeypox virus from 2017 to 2022: In the light of point mutations. Front Microbiol. 2022;13:1037598. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1037598

 

  1. Desingu PA, Rubeni TP, Nagarajan K, Sundaresan NR. Molecular evolution of 2022 multi-country outbreak-causing monkeypox virus Clade IIb. iScience. 2024;27(1):108601. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108601

 

  1. Bansal P, Gupta M, Sangwan S, et al. Computational purposing phytochemicals against cysteine protease of monkeypox virus: An in-silico approach. J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2022;16(suppl 1):3144-3154.

 

  1. Sharma V, Panwar A, Garg VK, et al. Tecovirimat as a potential bioavailable iinhibitor against MPXVgp158 established through molecular dynamic simulationsand docking studies. J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2022;16(suppl 1):3168-3178. doi: 10.22207/JPAM.16.SPL1.13

 

  1. Chandran D, Nandanagopal V, Gopan M, et al. Major advances in monkeypox vaccine research and development-an update. J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2022;16(suppl 1):3083-3095. doi: 10.22207/JPAM.16.SPL1.08

 

  1. George AE, Heera AB, Harikrishnan H, et al. The dermatological evolution of the first case of monkeypox reported in India. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2023;89(4):578-581. doi: 10.25259/IJDVL_753_2022

 

  1. Gajbhiye RK, Mahajan NN, Sachdeva G. Preparedness and strategies for addressing monkeypox infection in pregnant women in India. Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia. 2022;5:100066. doi: 10.1016/j.lansea.2022.100066

 

  1. Saied AA, Dhawan M, Metwally AA, Fahrni ML, Choudhary P, Choudhary OP. Disease history, pathogenesis, diagnostics, and therapeutics for human monkeypox disease: A comprehensive review. Vaccines (Basel). 2022;10(12):2091. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10122091

 

  1. Sinduja P, Ganapathy D, Sekaran S. Recommending adequate training for community health care workers to limit monkeypox transmission in India. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2022;50:102485. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102485

 

  1. Rajkhowa P, Dsouza VS, Kharel R, et al. Factors influencing monkeypox vaccination: A cue to policy implementation. J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2023;13(2):226-238. doi: 10.1007/s44197-023-00100-9

 

  1. Dsouza VS, Rajkhowa P, Mallya BR, et al. A sentiment and content analysis of tweets on monkeypox stigma among the LGBTQ+ community: A cue to risk communication plan. Dialogues Health. 2023;2:100095. doi: 10.1016/j.dialog.2022.100095

 

  1. Dsouza VS, Pattanshetty S, Raj R, Ds A, Gudi N, Brand H. Rapid review on monkeypox policies among the G20 nations: Relevance to policy and practitioner. F1000Research. 2022;11:1360. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.125893.1

 

  1. Dsouza VS, Pattanshetty S, Brand H. Global Monkeypox policy tracker - a digital platform for data visualisation and policy discourse. Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia. 2023;8:100115. doi: 10.1016/j.lansea.2022.100115

 

  1. Lahariya C, Thakur A, Dudeja N. Monkeypox disease outbreak (2022): Epidemiology, challenges, and the way forward. Indian Pediatr. 2022;59(8):636-642. doi: 10.1007/s13312-022-2578-2

 

  1. Mungmunpuntipantip R, Wiwanitkit V. Monkeypox disease outbreak (2022): Correspondence. Indian Pediatr. 2022;59(9):730. doi: 10.1007/s13312-022-2610-6

 

  1. Lahariya C, Goel M, Kumar A, Puri M, Sodhi A. Emergence of viral hemorrhagic fevers: Is recent outbreak of crimean congo hemorrhagic fever in India an indication? J Postgrad Med. 2012;58(1):39.

 

  1. Kaur A, Goel R, Singh R, Bhardwaj A, Kumari R, Gambhir RS. Identifying monkeypox: Do dental professionals have adequate knowledge and awareness. Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2022;73(3):365-371.

 

  1. Malabadi RB, Kolkar P, Chalannavar K. Human Monkeypox detected first time In India: Role of traditional herbal treatment. Int J Sci Res Rev. 2022;4(12):3686-3691.

 

  1. Sah R, Mohanty A, Reda A, et al. Monkeypox: A potential pandemic at door of Asia. Ann Med Surg (2012). 2022;81:104509. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104509

 

  1. Sah R, Mohanty A, Siddiq A, et al. Monkeypox reported in India - South East Asia Region: Health and economic challenges. Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia. 2022;4:100063. doi: 10.1016/j.lansea.2022.100063

 

  1. Yadav P, Devasurmutt Y, Tatu U. Phylogenomic and structural analysis of the monkeypox virus shows evolution towards increased stability. Viruses. 2022;15(1):127. doi: 10.3390/v15010127

 

  1. Chakraborty C, Bhattacharya M, Dhama K, Lee SS. Evaluation of differentially expressed genes during replication using gene expression landscape of monkeypox-infected MK2 cells: A bioinformatics and systems biology approach to understanding the genomic pattern of viral replication. J Infect Public Health. 2023;16(3):399-409. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.01.015

 

  1. Pal M, Gutama KP. Emergence of monkeypox raises a serious challenge to public health. Am J Microbiol Res. 2022;10(2):55-58.

 

  1. Kumbhar N, Agarwala P. The lurking threat of monkeypox in current times. Indian J Med Microbiol. 2022;40(4):475-479. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2022.07.016

 

  1. Ghate SD, Suravajhala P, Patil P, Vangala RK, Shetty P, Rao RSP. Molecular detection of monkeypox and related viruses: Challenges and opportunities. Virus Genes. 2023;59(3):343-350. doi: 10.1007/s11262-023-01975-3

 

  1. Sharma SK, Dash PK, Yadav RG, et al. Isolation andcharacterization of emerging Mpox virus from India. J Med Virol. 2023;95(7):e28911. doi: 10.1002/jmv.28911

 

  1. Karagoz A, Tombuloglu H, Alsaeed M, et al. Monkeypox (mpox) virus: Classification, origin, transmission, genome organization, antiviral drugs, and molecular diagnosis. J Infect Public Health. 2023;16(4):531-541. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.02.003

 

  1. Hasan S, Saeed S. Monkeypox disease: An emerging public health concern in the shadow of COVID-19 pandemic: An update. Trop Med Infect Dis. 2022;7(10):283. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed7100283

 

  1. Gandhi PA, Patro SK, Sandeep M, et al. Oral manifestation of the monkeypox virus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine. 2023;56:101817. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101817

 

  1. Chowdhury SR, Datta PK, Maitra S. Monkeypox and its pandemic potential: What the anaesthetist should know. Br J Anaesth. 2022;129(3):e49-e52. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2022.06.007

 

  1. Pal M, Mahal A, Mohapatra RK, et al. Deep and transfer learning approaches for automated early detection of monkeypox (Mpox) alongside other similar skin lesions and their classification. ACS Omega. 2023;8(35):31747-31757. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02784

 

  1. Singh U, Songare LS. Analysis and Detection of Monkeypox using the GoogLeNet Model. In: Conference: 2022 International Conference on Automation, Computing and Renewable Systems; 2022. p. 1000-1008.

 

  1. Sharma SK, Guralwar C, Mahajan R, Ukey UU. An observational study of Indian medical students: Are we truly aware of monkeypox? Cureus. 2023;15(8):e43952. doi: 10.7759/cureus.43952

 

  1. Rawat RS, Ramasetty D, Yadavalli R, et al. A cross-sectional study to assess knowledge of monkeypox among medical students and graduates in India. Cureus. 2023;15(11):e49744. doi: 10.7759/cureus.49744

 

  1. Betsy J, George S, George N, Kv B, Sukumaran A. Perceptions of Indian healthcare practitioners regarding the 2022 outbreak of monkeypox disease. Cureus. 2023;15(2):e35157. doi: 10.7759/cureus.35157

 

  1. Pandya VS, Mehta V, Miraj M, et al. Monkeypox: An unfamiliar virus-clinical and epidemiological characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment with special emphasis on oral health. Diagnostics (Basel). 2022;12(11):2749. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics12112749

 

  1. Gurnani B, Kaur K, Chaudhary S, Balakrishnan H. Ophthalmic manifestations of monkeypox infection. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2023;71(5):1687-1697. doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_2032_22

 

  1. Ganapthy D, Sekaran S, Sekar SKR. Monkeypox treatment options: Current status of antiviral drugs–a correspondence. Int J Surg. 2023;109(3):562-563. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000000147

 

  1. Choudhary G, Prabha PK, Gupta S, Prakash A, Medhi B. Monkeypox infection: A quick glance. Indian J Pharmacol. 2022;54(3):161-164. doi: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_400_22

 

  1. Johri N, Kumar D, Nagar P, Maurya A, Vengat M, Jain P. Clinical manifestations of human monkeypox infection and implications for outbreak strategy. Health Sci Rev (Oxf). 2022;5:100055. doi: 10.1016/j.hsr.2022.100055

 

  1. Thakur V, Thakur P, Srivastava S, Kumar P. Monkeypox virus (MPX) in humans a concern: Trespassing the global boundaries - Correspondence. Int J Surg. 2022;104:106703. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106703

 

  1. Upadhayay S, Arthur R, Soni D, et al. Monkeypox infection: The past, present, and future. Int Immunopharmacol. 2022;113(Pt A):109382. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109382

 

  1. Gulati P, Chadha J, Harjai K, Singh S. Targeting envelope proteins of poxviruses to repurpose phytochemicals against monkeypox: An in silico investigation. Front Microbiol. 2022;13:1073419. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1073419

 

  1. Sen Gupta PS, Panda SK, Nayak AK, Rana MK. Identification and investigation of a cryptic binding pocket of the P37 envelope protein of monkeypox virus by molecular dynamics simulations. J Phys Chem Lett. 2023;14(13):3230-3235. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00087

 

  1. Patel P. Monkeypox is declared as a global health emergency. Are we prepared? Natl J Community Med. 2022;13(07):417-418.

 

  1. Chandran D, Hridya P, Prasanth D, et al. Changing patterns in the spread of human monkeypox: A dangerous new development in disease epidemiology. J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2022;16(suppl 1):3106-3118.

 

  1. Sekaran S, Ramalingam GD, Arumugasamy H, Sekar SK. Training community health workers to limit the transmission of monkeypox virus in India: An urgent need for action. Int J Surg.2023;109(3):545-546. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000000037

 

  1. Sekaran S, Sekar SKR. Enhancing awareness to break the stigma among LGBTQ+ health care workers to curb monkeypox transmission: Correspondence. Int J Surg. 2023;109(3):629-630. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000000220

 

  1. Sekaran S, Sekar SKR. Repurposing cholesterol lowering drugs in the treatment and management of monkeypox. Int J Surg. 2023;109(1):60-61. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000000010

 

  1. Ganapathy D, Ganesan P, Sekaran S. Salivary transmission of monkeypox virus-A potential possibility that needs careful management? - Correspondence. Int J Surg. 2022;108:106989. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106989

 

  1. Shukla M, Panda TK, Nikketha BS, Christy J, Damodharan D. Stigma, discrimination, and psychological distress among the LGBTQ community in times of monkeypox outbreak-a wake-up call. Indian J Psychol Med. 2023;45(1):101-102. doi: 10.1177/02537176221139658

 

  1. Fahrni ML, Priyanka, Choudhary OP. Possibility of vertical transmission of the human monkeypox virus. Int J Surg. 2022;105:106832. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106832

 

  1. Sharma A, Priyanka, Fahrni ML, Choudhary OP. Monkeypox outbreak: New zoonotic alert after the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Surg. 2022;104:106812. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106812

 

  1. Saied AA, Priyanka, Metwally AA, Choudhary OP. Monkeypox: An extra burden on global health. Int J Surg. 2022;104:106745. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106745

 

  1. Fahrni ML, Priyanka, Sharma A, Choudhary OP. Monkeypox: Prioritizing public health through early intervention and treatment. Int J Surg. 2022;104:106774. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106774

 

  1. Shafaati M, Zandi M, Choudhary OP. Monkeypox virus crosstalk with HIV; where do we stand now? Int J Surg. 2022;105:106897. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106897

 

  1. Choudhary OP, Priyanka, Chopra H, et al. Reverse zoonosis and its relevance to the monkeypox outbreak 2022. New Microbes New Infect. 2022;49-50:101049. doi: 10.1016/j.nmni.2022.101049

 

  1. Choudhary OP, Priyanka, Fahrni ML, Saied AA, Chopra H. Ring vaccination for monkeypox containment: Strategic implementation and challenges. Int J Surg. 2022;105:106873. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106873

 

  1. Chaaithanya IK, Aranha C. Human monkeypox: A threat to dread in pregnancy? J Med Virol. 2023;95(1):e28170. doi: 10.1002/jmv.28170
Share
Back to top
Microbes & Immunity, Electronic ISSN: 3029-2883 Print ISSN: 3041-0886, Published by AccScience Publishing
We use cookies on our website to ensure you get the best experience.
Read more about our cookies here
Accept