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REVIEW ARTICLE

Advanced bioprinting strategies using decellularized extracellular matrix as a substrate for bone regeneration

Quezhu Danzeng1† ,  Yuqiang Wang1† ,  Jinbo Zhang1 ,  Fanyuan Wu2 ,  Mengying Cui3 ,  Yi Shen1 ,  Yuhao Li1 ,  Weibo Jiang1*
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1 Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin , China
2 Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin , China
3 Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin , China
†These authors contributed equally to this work.
IJB, 026320338 https://doi.org/10.36922/IJB026320338
Received: 4 August 2026 | Revised: 6 September 2026 | Accepted: 10 September 2026 | Published online: 13 September 2026
© 2026 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

The central challenge in bone tissue engineering is not merely to fabricate bone-like materials, but to reconstruct a regenerative microenvironment that recapitulates native bone. Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) retains tissue-specific structural components and biological cues and is therefore regarded as a promising biomaterial for bone regeneration. However, its poor mechanical strength, structural instability, and limited printability restrict its application in complex bone defects. Recent advances in bioprinting, together with chemical modification, bioactive substance incorporation, and biomimetic structural design, have provided new opportunities to improve the osteogenic and functional properties of dECM-based constructs. This review first outlines the major biological processes involved in bone repair and introduces the principal bioprinting technologies and dECM sources relevant to bone tissue engineering. It then discusses recent strategies for optimizing dECM sources and processing methods, modifying material properties, incorporating bioactive substances, and constructing biomimetic architectures. Particular attention is given to how these approaches promote osteogenesis, vascularization, and functional bone reconstruction. Current limitations and future directions for clinical translation are also considered. By integrating bone repair processes, dECM characteristics, bioprinting technologies, and functional enhancement strategies, this review clarifies how advanced bioprinting can improve the regenerative performance of dECM and guide the development of next-generation functional materials for bone defect repair.

Keywords
Decellularized extracellular matrix
Bioprinting
Bone remodeling
Funding
This work was supported by Jilin Provincial Department of Education (JJKH20261336KJ).
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have influenced the work reported in this paper.
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International Journal of Bioprinting, Electronic ISSN: 2424-8002 Print ISSN: 2424-7723, Published by AccScience Publishing
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