Bioprinting technology integrates computer-aided design with precision deposition manufacturing to achieve the spatially controlled assembly of cells, biomaterials and bioactive factors, providing important technical support for the standardized construction of functional organoids. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in bioprinting applications for organoid engineering, with particular attention to the adaptation criteria of printing technologies for different organoid systems. First, the working principles, technical features, representative commercial platforms and application scopes of four mainstream bioprinting modalities (inkjet-based, extrusion-based, photopolymerization-based and laser-assisted bioprinting) are summarized, and a standardized horizontal comparison of their core performance parameters is provided. Second, the classification, biological functions and optimization strategies of three core bioink components (biomacromolecular matrices, functional cells and bioactive factors) are comprehensively discussed. On this basis, representative research progress in seven major organoid categories, namely liver, intestinal, osteochondral, tumor, renal, cardiac and cerebral organoids, is described, and the differential requirements of diverse organoid scenarios for printing protocols are systematically analyzed. In addition, four bottleneck challenges limiting current development are examined, including the trade-off between printing resolution and structural complexity, maintenance of cell viability and biological function, construction of hierarchical vascular networks, and cost and scalability issues, together with corresponding targeted technical solutions. Finally, future directions are discussed from the perspectives of tissue and organ regeneration, precision medicine, drug toxicity evaluation, bioink innovation, and AI-driven intelligent biomanufacturing (covering formulation prediction, developmental simulation, in-process quality control and personalized structural design), aiming to provide theoretical references and technical selection guidelines for technological iteration and clinical translation in this interdisciplinary field.