Bioprinting has emerged as a promising technology for osteoporosis research and bone tissue engineering by enabling the fabrication of personalized scaffolds that mimic key features of the native bone microarchitecture. Through 3D biofabrication, this technology facilitates the development of accurate osteoporotic bone models for in vitro and in vivo studies, drug screening, and the evaluation of therapeutic strategies. Bioprinted animal models and cell culture systems provide controlled platforms for investigating disease progression and testing candidate therapies, thereby addressing several limitations of conventional research approaches. In addition, bioprinting has advanced the design of bone substitutes by enabling precise control over scaffold properties such as mechanical strength, porosity, and biodegradability, all of which are critical for bone regeneration. Nevertheless, several challenges remain, including the trade-off between printing resolution and speed, limitations in current bioink formulations, difficulties in scaffold functionalization, and barriers to large-scale manufacturing. The clinical translation of bioprinted constructs is further complicated by ethical and regulatory challenges, particularly with respect to stem cell applications and product approval pathways. Despite these challenges, bioprinting continues to demonstrate considerable potential in osteoporosis research and therapy, with ongoing efforts focused on improving printing precision, developing smart bioinks, and advancing personalized therapeutic strategies. Continued interdisciplinary collaboration, together with improvements in scalability, cost-effectiveness, and regulatory standardization, will be essential for integrating bioprinting into clinical practice and ultimately improving outcomes for patients with osteoporosis worldwide.