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REVIEW ARTICLE

Orexin in depression: Evidence from basic and clinical research

Chen Dong1 ,  Yaping Sun1 ,  Jiawei Xu1 ,  Shuoshuo Guo1 ,  Ying Wang2* ,  Shuangyu Lv1,3* ,  Xinying Ji1,4*
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1 Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
2 Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
3 Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
4 Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Subjects, Shu-Qing Medical College of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
GPD, 4210 https://doi.org/10.36922/gpd.4210
Submitted: 11 July 2024 | Accepted: 12 November 2024 | Published: 13 December 2024
© 2024 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Orexin – a neuropeptide – is extensively distributed in the central nervous system and is involved in the regulation of diverse physiological functions and behaviors. Orexin is strongly associated with the onset and development of depression. The most important function of orexin is to interact with the transport system, mediating arousal, and energy homeostasis. Hypothalamic-ventral tegmental and hypothalamic-ventral thalamic pathways provide clues for understanding the function of orexin and related disorders, such as sleep disorders, eating disorders, and substance abuse. This article summarizes the basic and clinical studies on the role of the orexin system in regulating and treating depression, including the relationship between the expression level of orexin in specific brain areas and diseases, relationship between adolescent depression and orexin, orexin receptor antagonists as a treatment for depression, and narcolepsy, which is closely associated with depression. Research progress on the role of orexin in depression and recent relevant studies are summarized, providing novel directions for developing depression treatment strategies.

Keywords
Orexin
Depression
Sleep
Major depressive disorder
Neuron
Funding
This work was supported by the Key Scientific Research Program for Universities of Henan Province (no. 22A320029), the Key Science and Technology Program of Henan Province in China (no. 242102310274), the Medical Science and Technology Program of Henan Province (no. SBGJ202103096), the Program for Innovative Talents of Science and Technology in Henan Province (no. 23HASTIT043), and the Cultivation Project for Innovation Team in Teachers’ Teaching Proficiency by Zhengzhou Shu-Qing Medical College (No. 2024jxcxtd01).
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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Gene & Protein in Disease, Electronic ISSN: 2811-003X Published by AccScience Publishing
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