AccScience Publishing / MI / Online First / DOI: 10.36922/MI026250068
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Evaluation of palm wine derived from Elaeis guineensis as a component of an alternative culture medium for microbial growth

Abibatou Manicongo1* ,  Giovana Wink Faleiro2 ,  Luiz Gustavo Bach2 ,  Wladimir Padilha Da Silva2 ,  Eliezer Ávila Gandra3 ,  César Valmor Rombaldi1
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1 Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology of Fruits and Vegetables, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil
2 Department of Agroindustrial Science and Technological Development, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil
3 Laboratory of Food Science and Microbiology, Center of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, Capão do Leão Campus, Federal University of Pelotas, Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil
Received: 16 June 2026 | Revised: 28 September 2026 | Accepted: 3 October 2026 | Published online: 15 October 2026
© 2026 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
Abstract

The high cost and limited accessibility of conventional culture media highlight the need for alternative formulations based on locally available, nutrient-rich materials, such as palm wine derived from Elaeis guineensis sap. This study aimed to develop and evaluate an alternative microbial culture medium containing palm wine derived from E. guineensis sap. The palm wine-based medium (PWM) was formulated using lyophilized palm sap supplemented with complementary nutrients to support microbial growth. Its performance was evaluated using 11 bacterial strains of food and public health relevance, 7 lactic acid bacteria, and 3 filamentous fungi, as well as microorganisms recovered from environmental samples collected from multiple surfaces. Microbial growth and recovery on PWM were compared with those obtained on plate count agar (PCA) for bacteria, de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe agar (MRS) for lactic acid bacteria, and potato dextrose agar (PDA) for filamentous fungi, according to the requirements of each microbial group. Analysis of variance was used to assess differences in microbial growth, while the two one-sided test procedure was used to assess equivalence within a predefined margin of ±0.5 log10 CFU mL−1. Statistical equivalence was observed between PWM and PCA, as well as between PWM and MRS and between acidified PWM and PDA. These findings indicated that differences in microbial counts between PWM and the respective reference media remained within the predefined equivalence range, supporting the potential of PWM as an alternative to conventional culture media under the conditions evaluated. Its development contributes to the valorization of E. guineensis sap as a locally available biological resource, with potential applications in microbiological analysis and environmental monitoring, particularly in resource-limited settings.

Keywords
Alternative culture medium
Senegal
Bacterial growth
Formulation
Elaeis guineensis
Technological product
Funding
This study received no direct project-specific funding. Abibatou Manicongo receives a doctoral scholarship from the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), Brazil, through the Academic Excellence Program (PROEX; Finance Code 001; scholarship/process No. 88887.823413/2023-00). This scholarship provides individual financial support rather than direct funding for the research project. CAPES had no role in the study design, data collection, analysis, or interpretation of the results.
Conflict of interest
We confirm that there are no personal relationships or conflicts of interest that could have influenced the research, including relationships with individuals or organizations mentioned in the paper.
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Microbes & Immunity, Electronic ISSN: 3029-2883 Print ISSN: 3041-0886, Published by AccScience Publishing