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REVIEW ARTICLE

3D bioprinting for tendon–bone interface regeneration

Yifan Wang1 ,  Cong Chen2 ,  Chuyue Zhang1 ,  Junyao Cheng1 ,  Bochen An1 ,  Ning Zhang2* ,  Jianheng Liu1* ,  Zheng Wang1*
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1 Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
2 Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
IJB 2025, 11(2), 164–183; https://doi.org/10.36922/ijb.8411
Submitted: 5 January 2025 | Accepted: 22 January 2025 | Published: 23 January 2025
© 2025 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

With the rapid advancement of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology, its applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have garnered increasing attention. Tendon–bone healing is a complex biological process, making injuries to the tendon–bone interface challenging to repair. Fortunately, 3D bioprinting provides numerous innovative solutions. Herein, we summarize the current state of 3D bioprinting technology in tendon–bone healing, exploring the latest developments in biomaterials, printing technologies, cell carriers, and preclinical research. In conclusion, the article discusses the current challenges faced in this field and outlines future research directions with careful consideration, providing valuable insights for ongoing investigations.

Graphical abstract
Keywords
3D bioprinting
Biomaterials
Cell carriers
Tendon–bone healing
Tissue engineering
Funding
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82172392).
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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International Journal of Bioprinting, Electronic ISSN: 2424-8002 Print ISSN: 2424-7723, Published by AccScience Publishing
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