Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a malignancy with increasing incidence worldwide, which seriously affects the quality of life and survival rate of patients. Traditional tumor models have significant limitations in studying the biological properties, tumor microenvironment, treatment response, and the obtaining difficulty of HNSCC, leading to slow progress in the understanding and treatment of the disease. Recent rapid development in bioprinting has provided new possibilities for tumor model construction, enabling precise control of cell arrangement and tissue structure to more realistically simulated tumor biological properties. This review summarizes the latest progress of bioprinting in HNSCC tumor model construction, explores the application of different bioprinting technologies, the properties of constructed tumor models, and the potential applications of these models in drug screening and individualized treatment, aiming to provide reference and inspiration for future research and treatment of HNSCC.