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RESEARCH ARTICLE

3D-bioprinted model of adult neural stem cell microenvironment in Alzheimer’s disease

Natalia Dall’Agnol Ferreira1,2 ,  Paula Scanavez Ferreira1,2 ,  Cristina Pacheco Soares3 ,  Marimelia Aparecida Porcionatto1,2* ,  Geisa Rodrigues Salles1,2,3*
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1 Department of Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
2 National Institute of Science and Technology in Modeling Human Complex Diseases with 3D Platforms (INCT Model 3D), São Paulo, Brazil
3 Research & Development Institute, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
IJB 2024, 10(5), 3751 https://doi.org/10.36922/ijb.3751
Submitted: 24 May 2024 | Accepted: 19 July 2024 | Published: 13 September 2024
© 2024 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Neurogenesis plays a major role in neuroplasticity and memory. In adult human and mouse brains, neural stem cells (NSCs) are mainly distributed in two extensively characterized neurogenic niches: the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles. Impaired neurogenesis is one of the consequences of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), contributing to cognitive decline and progressive memory loss. Developing new in vitro models that resemble this three-dimensional (3D) structure is fundamental for enhancing our understanding of the SVZ neurogenic niche dynamics in AD. Herein, we produced and characterized a 3D-bioprinted model of the adult SVZ neurogenic niche containing amyloid β (Aβ) oligomers, mimicking the NSC microenvironment in AD. In this model, Aβ oligomers induce oxidative stress and reduce the proliferative potential of NSCs, while stimulating neuronal differentiation. We hypothesize that these events are an early attempt of adult NSCs to compensate for neuronal death in AD pathogenesis. Our 3D model simulates the NSC niche physiology, reproducing an early response of NSCs in AD, strengthening the importance of studying the potential of neurogenesis in neurodegeneration.

Keywords
Bioprinting
Neurogenic niche
Alzheimer’s disease
Amyloid beta
Neural stem cells
Subventricular zone
Funding
This study was supported by grants from (i) the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP): Grants 2022/08664-4 (GRS), 2023/08040-3 (NDF), and 2018/12605-8 (MAP); and (ii) the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq): 406258/2022-8, INCT Model 3D, and 152384/2024-3 (GRS).
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. The research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationship.
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International Journal of Bioprinting, Electronic ISSN: 2424-8002 Print ISSN: 2424-7723, Published by AccScience Publishing
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