AccScience Publishing / IJB / Online First / DOI: 10.36922/ijb.4147
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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Mechanism study of structural functional dual biomimetic composite bone scaffold for repair of mandibular defects in rabbits

Jiaqi Hu1 ,  Hong Zhu1 ,  Chongqing He1 ,  Xiaochuan Liu1 ,  Kenny Man2,3 ,  Shanqin Liang1* ,  Jingying Zhang1*
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1 Center for Oral Medicine, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
3 Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
IJB 2024, 10(5), 4147 https://doi.org/10.36922/ijb.4147
Submitted: 4 July 2024 | Accepted: 15 August 2024 | Published: 16 August 2024
© 2024 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

The present study aims to explore the potential mechanisms of bone tissue-engineered triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) scaffolds containing injectable platelet-rich fibrin and stromal cell-derived factor-1 (in short, SIT scaffolds) in promoting angiogenesis in mandibular defects. Surface structures with a 70% porosity were created using the Matlab R2020a program. SIT scaffolds were fabricated using digital laser processing. Histological structures on SIT scaffolds inoculated with rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were observed using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) immunohistochemical staining, Alcian blue staining, and Masson-Goldner staining. Double-end sequencing in PE150 mode was performed using the Illumina NovaSeq™ 6000. Analyses such as Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), protein-protein interactions, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were conducted to delineate the gene functions. RT-qPCR was performed to confirm the expression of genes of interest. Finally, cells on different samples were examined by confocal laser scanning microscopy to observe c-Jun expression. Confocal imaging and quantitative analysis showed that BMSCs supported by the SIT scaffold had a greater tendency to differentiate into osteoblasts than those supported by the TPMS scaffold or the control group. The SIT group exhibited the most intense ALP staining. The expression of angiogenesis-related factors VEGFA was significantly upregulated in T and SIT groups. Expression of osteogenic gene RUNX2 and c-Fos/c-Jun pathway genes FOS/JUN was significantly upregulated in the SIT group. GSEA revealed that the WNT signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway were more active in the SIT group. Immunofluorescence showed that the c-Jun is highly expressed in newly formed capillaries in the SIT group. In conclusion, both TPMS and SIT scaffolds promote angiogenesis in mandibular defects.  

Graphical abstract
Keywords
TPMS scaffold
Mechanism
Mandibular defect
3D printer
Additive manufacturing
RNA sequencing
Funding
The study was supported by the Dongguan Science and Technology of Social Development Program (20231800940152), Talent Development Foundation of the First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University (GCC2023013), Guangdong Medical University Undergraduate Innovation Experiment Project (FYDS001, FYDS002, FYDS003), Guangdong University Student Innovation Project (S202310571068, S202310571069), and 2024 Special Funds for Science and Technology Innovation Strategy of Guangdong Province (Cultivation of Science and Technology Innovation for University Students) (pdjh2024b185).
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interests.
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