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Inactivated African swine fever virus vaccine induces safe and efficient immune protection through mucosal immunity
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1 Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Rongchang, Chongqing,
China
2 Department of Global Business, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do,
Republic of Korea
MI, 025130025 https://doi.org/10.36922/MI025130025
Received: 27 March 2025 | Revised: 12 May 2025 | Accepted: 29 May 2025 | Published online: 23 June 2025
© 2025 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is among the most devastating viral diseases of pigs. Despite nearly a century of research, there is still no safe and effective vaccine available. The current situation is that either vaccines are safe but not effective, or vice versa. The ASF vaccine prepared using the inactivation method with β-propiolactone provided 98.6% protection within 100 days after three intranasal immunizations spaced 7 days apart. In conclusion, an inactivated vaccine made from complete ASF virus particles using β-propiolactone can safely and effectively control ASF through mucosal immunity.
Keywords
African swine fever
Inactivated virus vaccine
Mucosal immunity
Safety
Efficacy
β-Propiolactone
Funding
None.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare they have no competing interest.
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