Pyridinium-based acrylate additives for multifunctional 3D-printable photosensitive resins with antibacterial, antistatic, and high-strength properties

The increasing demand for biomaterial safety in precision medical device manufacturing and electronic packaging highlights the critical need for the rapid development of 3D-printable photosensitive resins that offer high mechanical strength, durable antibacterial effectiveness, and consistent antistatic properties. Traditional approaches involving multiple additives often result in poor compatibility, low success rates in 3D printing, compromised functionality or mechanical properties, and insufficient functional stability and longevity. To address this challenge, we have introduced a new category of pyridinium-based acrylate photosensitive additives. By adjusting the quantity of pyridinium functional groups within a single additive, we have successfully achieved multifunctionalization of the 3D printing resin. The findings indicate that the pyridinium-based acrylate additive endows the 3D-printed photosensitive resin with exceptional antibacterial efficacy (>99.99% against E. coli and S. aureus), strong antistatic performance (resistance: 10⁹ Ω), and high tensile strength (40.86 MPa). Furthermore, the resin demonstrates enduring and consistent antibacterial and antistatic properties.