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Emerging frontiers in 3D bioprinting: Harnessing decellularized matrix bioink for advancements in musculoskeletal tissue engineering

Peilin Li1 ,  Xixin Li1 ,  Guosheng Tang2 ,  Zongke Zhou3 ,  Zeyu Luo3*
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1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
2 Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
3 Department of Orthopedics, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
IJB 2024, 10(5), 3418 https://doi.org/10.36922/ijb.3418
Submitted: 13 April 2024 | Accepted: 24 June 2024 | Published: 21 August 2024
© 2024 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

The musculoskeletal system plays a pivotal role in maintaining posture, safeguarding organs, facilitating flexible movement, and supporting cellular metabolic functions, thereby enabling active participation in various aspects of life. Conventional treatment modalities, such as autologous and allogeneic transplantation, face significant challenges, including donor scarcity, complications, rejection, and infection. The emergence of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology, coupled with bioink sourced from the decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM), offers a promising approach for repairing and regenerating musculoskeletal tissue. This article meticulously examines common methods of musculoskeletal tissue bioprinting, the properties and functions of dECM, techniques for preparing dECM bioinks, recent advancements, and applications of dECM bioinks in 3D printing of musculoskeletal tissues (e.g., heart, skeletal muscle, tendon, interfaces between tissues, bone, and cartilage). The review concludes by delineating current research limitations, aiming to catalyze future investigations in this domain.

Keywords
3D bioprinting
Decellularized extracellular matrix
Bioink
Musculoskeletal
Tissue engineering
Funding
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82302786 and 62306193), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (BX20230245 and 2023M742478), the Sichuan Science and Technology Program (2023YFH0068), the Sichuan Province Innovative Talent Funding Proiect for Postdoctoral Fellows(BX202203), the Sichuan University Postdoctoral Interdisciplinary Innovation Fund (JCXK2226), and the Postdoctor Research Fund of West China Hospital, Sichuan University (2023HXBH012).
Conflict of interest
The authors declare they have no competing interests.
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International Journal of Bioprinting, Electronic ISSN: 2424-8002 Print ISSN: 2424-7723, Published by AccScience Publishing
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