AccScience Publishing / IJB / Online First / DOI: 10.36922/ijb.3035
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RESEARCH ARTICLE

4D printing and simulation of body temperature-responsive shape-memory polymers for advanced biomedical applications

Dahong Kim1,2 ,  Kyung-Hyun Kim3 ,  Yong-Suk Yang3 ,  Keon-Soo Jang4 ,  Sohee Jeon1 ,  Jun-Ho Jeong1 ,  Su A Park1*
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1 Nano Convergence & Manufacturing Systems, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, South Korea
2 Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
3 Intelligent Components & Sensors Research Section, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Daejeon, South Korea
4 Department of Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Suwon, Suwon, South Korea
IJB 2024, 10(3), 3035 https://doi.org/10.36922/ijb.3035
Submitted: 27 February 2024 | Accepted: 22 April 2024 | Published: 13 June 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 3D Printing of Bioinspired Materials)
© 2024 by the Author(s).. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Four-dimensional (4D) bioprinting holds significant promise in precision medicine, enabling the emulation of dynamic changes in the human body and tissues to provide personalized treatments. Smart materials for 4D printing (i.e., responsive to specific stimuli) should exhibit properties, such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, and ease of processing, while also enabling the prediction of time-dependent behavior in programmed geometry. This study focused on the development of a body temperature-responsive shape-memory polymer (SMP). The thermal properties of the SMP were analyzed, and its biodegradability and biocompatibility were assessed through structures fabricated by three-dimensional printing techniques. The simulation calculated with this finite element (FE) solution was in good agreement with those measured in experiments. The findings contribute to our understanding of the behavior of SMP under various conditions, validating the effectiveness of the developed material for potential applications in precision medicine and 4D bioprinting. It has the potential for use in medical devices, such as catheters, stents, and artificial scaffolds, prepared by 4D bioprinting.  

Keywords
4D printing
4D printing simulation
3D bioprinting
Biodegradable shape-memory polymer
Biocompatible shape-memory polymer
Funding
This research was supported by the Development Program of Machinery and Equipment Industrial Technology (20018235, Development of inline nanoimprinter for nanophotonic device) funded by the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MI, Korea), the STEAM project (RS- 2023-00302145) of the Ministry of Science and ICT, and Basic Research Program of KIMM (Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, NK248B).
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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International Journal of Bioprinting, Electronic ISSN: 2424-8002 Print ISSN: 2424-7723, Published by AccScience Publishing
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