AccScience Publishing / IJB / Online First / DOI: 10.36922/ijb.1425
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RESEARCH ARTICLE

PBF-LB fabrication of microgrooves for induction of osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells

Aira Matsugaki1* ,  Tadaaki Matsuzaka1 ,  Toko Mori1 ,  Mitsuka Saito1 ,  Kazuma Funaoku1 ,  Riku Yamano1 ,  Ozkan Gokcekaya1 ,  Ryosuke Ozasa1 ,  Takayoshi Nakano1*
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1 Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
IJB 2024, 10(1), 1425 https://doi.org/10.36922/ijb.1425
Submitted: 30 December 2022 | Accepted: 8 August 2023 | Published: 9 January 2024
© 2024 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Stem cell differentiation has important implications for biomedical device design and tissue engineering. Recently, inherent material properties, including surface chemistry, stiffness, and topography, have been found to influence stem cell fate. Among these, surface topography is a key regulator of stem cells in contact with materials. The most important aspect of ideal bone tissue engineering is to control the organization of the bone extracellular matrix with fully differentiated osteoblasts. Here, we found that laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB)-fabricated grooved surface inspired by the microstructure of bone, which induced human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) differentiation into the osteogenic lineage without any differentiation supplements. The periodic grooved structure was fabricated by PBF-LB which induced cell elongation facilitated by cytoskeletal tension along the grooves. This resulted in the upregulation of osteogenesis via Runx2 expression. The aligned hMSCs successfully differentiated into osteoblasts and further organized the bone mimetic-oriented extracellular matrix microstructure. Our results indicate that metal additive manufacturing technology has a great advantage in controlling stem cell fate into the osteogenic lineage, and in the construction of bone-mimetic microstructural organization. Our findings on material-induced stem cell differentiation under standard cell culture conditions open new avenues for the development of medical devices that realize the desired tissue regeneration mediated by regulated stem cell functions.

Keywords
Additive manufacturing
Laser powder bed fusion
Mesenchymal stem cells
Osteogenic differentiation
Bone microstructure
Funding
This research was funded by JST, CREST, JPMJCR22L5, JPMJCR2194, Japan, and JSPS KAKENHI (grant numbers JP21H05197, JP20H003080, and JP18H05254).
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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International Journal of Bioprinting, Electronic ISSN: 2424-8002 Print ISSN: 2424-7723, Published by AccScience Publishing
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