AccScience Publishing / IJB / Online First / DOI: 10.36922/ijb.1437
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RESEARCH ARTICLE

In situ bioprinting for cartilage repair using a parallel manipulator

Hao-Yang Lei1,2† ,  You-Rong Chen1,3,4† ,  Zi-Bin Liu2 ,  Yi-Nong Li2 ,  Bing-Bing Xu1,3,4* ,  Chang-Hui Song2* ,  Jia-Kuo Yu1,3,4*
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1 Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China
2 School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
3 Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing, China
4 Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
IJB 2024, 10(1), 1437 https://doi.org/10.36922/ijb.1437
Submitted: 2 August 2023 | Accepted: 6 October 2023 | Published: 8 January 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Light-based Bioprinted Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering)
© 2024 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Regeneration of large-sized cartilage injury is a challenging endeavor. In vitro bioprinting for cartilage repair has several drawbacks, such as the tedious process of material preparation, potential contamination, and the mismatch between implant and defect. This study aimed to investigate the application of in situ bioprinting in cartilage repair using a parallel manipulator. In particular, the material extrusion rate and printing speed were adjusted to obtain the suitable forming parameters in a custom-made parallel manipulator. Cell experiments were conducted to determine the biocompatibility. Finally, a rabbit cartilage defect model was used to evaluate the feasibility of in situ bioprinting combined with machine vision. The results showed that to achieve optimum printing using the custom-made three-dimensional printer, 400–560 mm/min should be set as the standard printing speed, with an extrusion multiplier of 0.09–0.10. Cartilage defects can be precisely and easily segmented using a bimodal method with a 2% deviation error. In vitro experiments revealed that the utilized materials are highly biocompatible. Furthermore, according to the results from in vivo experiments, in situ bioprinting lends itself useful in the repair of cartilage defects. The overall results confirmed the feasibility of applying a parallel manipulator in in situ bioprinting for cartilage repair. Additional optimizations of the proposed approach are warranted prior to translation into clinical applications in the future.

Keywords
In situ bioprinting
Cartilage repair
Tissue engineering
Funding
The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Dongguan (20221200300182), the Key Clinical Projects of Peking University Third Hospital (BYSY2022046), the Shenzhen Science and Technology Planning Project (JSGG20210802153809029), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82102565, 82002298, 51920105006), and the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (L192066).
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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International Journal of Bioprinting, Electronic ISSN: 2424-8002 Print ISSN: 2424-7723, Published by AccScience Publishing
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