AccScience Publishing / IJB / Volume 10 / Issue 1 / DOI: 10.36922/ijb.0146
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RESEARCH ARTICLE

3D-bioprinted cell-laden hydrogel with anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial activities for tracheal cartilage regeneration and restoration

Pengli Wang1 ,  Tao Wang1 ,  Yong Xu1* ,  Nan Song1* ,  Xue Zhang2*
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1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200430, China
2 Dermatology Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
IJB 2024, 10(1), 0146 https://doi.org/10.36922/ijb.0146
Submitted: 27 April 2023 | Accepted: 28 May 2023 | Published: 13 July 2023
© 2023 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Despite the notable advances in tissue-engineered tracheal cartilage (TETC), there remain several challenges that need to be addressed, such as uneven cell distribution for cartilage formation, customized C-shaped tracheal morphology, local inflammatory reactions, and infections. To overcome these challenges, this study proposed the addition of icariin (ICA) and chitosan (CS) into a gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel to develop a new ICA/CS/GelMA hydrogel with anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties, and three-dimensional (3D)-bioprinting feasibility. The aim of this study was to construct a TETC, a customized C-shaped cartilage structure, with uniform chondrocyte distribution as well as anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial functions. Our results confirmed that ICA/CS/GelMA hydrogel provides desirable rheological properties, suitable printability, favorable biocompatibility, and simulated microenvironments for chondrogenesis. Moreover, the addition of ICA stimulated chondrocyte proliferation, extracellular matrix synthesis, and anti-inflammatory ability, while the encapsulation of CS enhanced the hydrogels’ anti-bacterial ability. All these led to the formation of an enhanced TETC after submuscular implantation and an elevated survival rate of experimental rabbits after orthotopic tracheal transplantation. This study provides a reliable cell-laden hydrogel with anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial activities, suitable printability, and significant advancements in in vivo cartilage regeneration and in situ tracheal cartilage restoration.

Keywords
3D bioprinting
Anti-inflammation
Anti-bacteria
Cartilage regeneration
Tracheal restoration
Funding
The research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82102348) and the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (22YF1437400).
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Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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International Journal of Bioprinting, Electronic ISSN: 2424-8002 Print ISSN: 2424-7723, Published by AccScience Publishing
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