This special issue explores the advancements and applications of digital twin techniques in cooling and heating systems, with a focus on the integration of thermal energy storages. Digital twins, which are virtual replicas of physical systems, enable real-time monitoring, simulation, and optimization of thermal energy systems. This technology enhances operational efficiency, predictive maintenance, and energy management. The issue delves into case studies and research findings that demonstrate how digital twins can optimize performance, reduce energy consumption, and improve system reliability. Additionally, it covers innovative methods for incorporating thermal energy storages, providing insights into balancing energy supply and demand. The collected works aim to advance the understanding and implementation of digital twin technology in cooling and heating systems, promoting sustainable and efficient energy solutions.

Papers that solve original scientific problems in the field of heating, cooling and thermal energy storage systems through digital twin techniques are invited.

We look forward to your submission addressing the following topics:

• Numerical modelling and simulation techniques in the field of heating, cooling and thermal energy storage systems;
• Digital Twin-driven optimisation of cooling, heating and thermal energy storage systems;
• Digital Twins in real-time control and automation of heating and cooling systems;
• Application of Digital Twin techniques for fault detection and predictive maintenance in heating and cooling systems;
• Advanced sensors and IoT integration for real-time Digital Twin updates;
• Energy efficiency and sustainability enhancement through Digital Twin technology in the field of heating, cooling and thermal energy storage systems.