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Prognostic indicators and management of severe acute pancreatitis

Haddadi Saïd1,2* ,  Rabah Ourdane1,2 ,  Ladjel Khelafi1,2 ,  Yasmina Yahia Messaoud2,3 ,  Ali Baba1,2 ,  Imène Khadidja Bakalem1,2 ,  Nora Graidia1,2 ,  Rezki Touati1,2
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1 Central Hospital of the Army Docteur Mohamed Seghir Nekkache, Kouba, Algiers, Algeria
2 Faculty of Medicine, Algiers 1 University/Benyoucef Benkhedda, Algiers, Algiers Province, Algeria
3 Béni-Messous Mother and Child Hospital, Algiers, Algiers Province, Algeria
Global Translational Medicine 2024, 3(2), 2480 https://doi.org/10.36922/gtm.2480
Submitted: 19 December 2023 | Accepted: 21 March 2024 | Published: 19 June 2024
© 2024 by the Author (s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is defined according to clinicobiological, radiological, and evolutionary criteria. In this review, we discuss the main prognostic factors and propose a therapeutic approach based on recent literature. The treatment of SAP primarily involves resuscitation and intensive care, with surgery reserved as a secondary treatment in the event of complications or cases of biliary etiology. Despite advancements, the prognosis remains guarded for severe forms. A critical challenge in this emergency context is the early identification of markers that can guide patients with severe SAP to referent centers with multidisciplinary and specialized teams. These teams play a dual role: providing optimal acute-phase care and ensuring long-term monitoring due to potential functional consequences that may persist post-crisis.

Keywords
Severe acute pancreatitis
Multi-visceral failure syndrome
Multidisciplinarity
Superinfection
Mortality
Functional sequelae
Funding
None.
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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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