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REVIEW ARTICLE

Cardiac mechanomedicine: Putting evidence into practice

Guoliang Li1* ,  Tao Shi2,3 ,  Changying Zhao2,3 ,  Yingjin Kong4 ,  Shengpeng Wang1 ,  Yang Yan2,3*
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1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi , China
2 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi , China
3 Key Laboratory of Surgical Critical Care and Life Support, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi , China
4 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin , China
Brain & Heart, 026200022 https://doi.org/10.36922/BH026200022
Received: 13 May 2026 | Revised: 21 July 2026 | Accepted: 7 August 2026 | Published online: 7 September 2026
© 2026 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases constitute a leading global health burden, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Traditional diagnostic and therapeutic strategies primarily focus on biochemical markers and imaging findings, often neglecting the fundamental mechanical mechanisms that govern cardiac physiology and pathophysiology. The heart, as a highly dynamic mechanical organ, depends on a precisely regulated biomechanical microenvironment, and alterations in this microenvironment can contribute to disease initiation and progression. This review summarizes the concept of cardiac mechanomedicine and its major research domains, including the biomechanical properties of the heart under physiological and pathological conditions. It also details how cardiac cells and tissues respond to mechanical stimuli. Finally, the review highlights recent advances in measuring mechanical biomarkers, alongside new diagnostic tools and therapeutic interventions targeting mechanical pathways, underscoring the clinical potential of this field.

Keywords
Cardiac mechanomedicine
Biomechanics
Mechanobiology
Cardiovascular diseases
Mechanical microenvironment
Precision diagnosis and therapy
Funding
This study was supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi (No. 2026SF-YBXM-204), the New Technology & Clinical Project Grant and the Key Clinical Research Projects of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University (No. XJTU1AF-CRF-2023-XK006).
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no competing interests.
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Brain & Heart, Electronic ISSN: 2972-4139 Published by AccScience Publishing
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