AccScience Publishing / IMO / Online First / DOI: 10.36922/IMO025490070
Submit to IMO
Cite this article
2
Download
40
Views
Journal Browser
Volume | Year
Issue
Search
Forthcoming Issue
Current Issue
View All
News and Announcements
View All
REVIEW ARTICLE

Taking stock of Nostoc: Secondary metabolite analyses with an outlook for future therapeutic leads

Kalyani Ajayan1 ,  Krishna Priya Sushaman1 ,  Nirmala Krishnamurthy2* ,  Rajesh Viswanathan1*
Show Less
1 Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
2 Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
IMO, 025490070 https://doi.org/10.36922/IMO025490070
Received: 6 December 2025 | Revised: 22 January 2026 | Accepted: 5 February 2026 | Published online: 7 April 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry )
© 2026 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution -Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC-by the license) ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ )
Download PDF
XML
Cite
Abstract

Natural products derived from cyanobacteria have emerged as a prolific source of structurally diverse and biologically active compounds with significant therapeutic potential. This review summarizes the current literature on the isolation of natural products and their medicinal properties from the cyanobacterial genus Nostoc. It emphasizes the structural diversity of secondary metabolites biosynthesized by Nostoc. Based on the literature on the chemical characterization of natural products, we provide an outlook for harnessing the latent biocatalytic potential of this cyanobacterial genus to discover enzymes directly involved in the production of these diverse natural products. The review provides potential hints for future identification of enzymes with unique biochemistry and/or for the synthesis of novel natural product analogs from the families discussed herein.

Keywords
Cyanobacteria
Secondary metabolites
Natural products
Nostoc
Funding
None.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
References
  1. Castenholz RW. Species usage, concept, and evolution in the cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). J Phycol. 1992;28(6):737-745. doi: 10.1111/j.0022-3646.1992.00737.x

 

  1. Hess WR. Cyanobacterial genomics for ecology and biotechnology. Curr Opin Microbiol. 2011;14(5):608-614. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2011.07.024

 

  1. Newman DJ, Cragg GM, Snader KM. Natural Products as Sources of New Drugs over the Period 1981−2002. J Nat Prod. 2003;66(7):1022-1037. doi: 10.1021/np030096l

 

  1. Newman DJ, Cragg GM. Natural Products as Sources of New Drugs over the Last 25 Years. J Nat Prod. 2007;70(3):461-477. doi: 10.1021/np068054v

 

  1. Newman DJ, Cragg GM. Natural Products as Sources of New Drugs over the 30 Years from 1981 to 2010. J Nat Prod. 2012;75(3):311-335. doi: 10.1021/np200906s

 

  1. Newman D J, Cragg GM. Natural Products as Drugs and Leads to Drugs: An Introduction and Perspective as of the End of 2012. In: Hanessian S, ed. Natural Products in Medicinal Chemistry. Weinheim, DE: Wiley-VCH; 2014:1-42.

 

  1. Newman DJ, Cragg GM. Natural Products as Sources of New Drugs from 1981 to 2014. J Nat Prod. 2016;79(3):629-661. doi: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b01055

 

  1. Newman DJ, Cragg GM. Natural Products as Sources of New Drugs over the Nearly Four Decades from 01/1981 to 09/2019. J Nat Prod. 2020;83(3):770-803. doi: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b01285

 

  1. Cragg GM, Newman DJ. Natural products: A continuing source of novel drug leads. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013;1830(6):3670-3695. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.02.008

 

  1. Ganesan A. The impact of natural products upon modern drug discovery. Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2008;12(3):306-317. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.03.016

 

  1. Butler MS, Capon RJ, Blaskovich MAT, Henderson IR. Natural product-derived compounds in clinical trials and drug approvals. Nat Prod Rep. 2026; 43: 20-88. doi: 10.1039/D5NP00031A

 

  1. Gerwick WH, Grindberg RV, Coates RC, Engene N, Jones AC, Sorrels CM, et al. Giant Marine Cyanobacteria Produce Exciting Potential Pharmaceuticals. Microbe Mag. 2008;3(6):277-284. doi: 10.1128/microbe.3.277.1

 

  1. Kehr JC, Picchi DG, Dittmann E. Natural product bio-syntheses in cyanobacteria: A treasure trove of unique enzymes. Beilstein J Org Chem. 2011;7:1622-1635. doi: 10.3762/bjoc.7.191

 

  1. Patterson GML, Larsen LK, Moore RE. Bioactive natural products from blue-green algae. J Appl Phycol. 1994;6(2):151-157. doi: 10.1007/bf02186069

 

  1. Burja AM, Banaigs B, Abou-Mansour E, Burgess JG, Wright PC. Marine cyanobacteria- a prolific source of natural products. Tetrahedron. 2001;57(46):9347-9377. doi: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)00931-0

 

  1. Gademann K, Portmann C. Secondary Metabolites from Cyanobacteria: Complex Structures and Powerful Bioactivities. Curr Org Chem. 2008;12(4):326-341. doi: 10.2174/138527208783743750

 

  1. Chlipala GE, Mo S, Orjala J. Chemo-diversity in freshwater and terrestrial cyanobacteria – a source for drug discovery. Curr Drug Targets. 2011;12(11):1654-1673. doi: 10.2174/138945011798109455

 

  1. Dembitsky VM, Řezanka T. Metabolites produced by nitrogen-fixing Nostoc species. Folia Microbiol. 2005;50(5):363-391. doi: 10.1007/bf02931419

 

  1. Jones AC, Gu L, Sorrels CM, Sherman DH, Gerwick WH. New tricks from ancient algae: natural products biosynthesis in marine cyanobacteria. Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2009;13(2):216-223. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.02.019

 

  1. Tan LT. Bioactive natural products from marine cyanobacteria for drug discovery. Phytochemistry. 2007;68(7):954-979. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.01.012

 

  1. Singh S, Kate BN, Banerjee UC. Bioactive Compounds from Cyanobacteria and Microalgae: An Overview. Crit Rev Biotechnol. 2005;25(3):73-95. doi: 10.1080/07388550500248498

 

  1. Mejean A, Ploux O. A Genomic View of Secondary Metabolite Production in Cyanobacteria. In: Advances in Botanical Research. Elsevier; 2013:189-234. doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394313-2.00006-8

 

  1. Larsson J, Nylander JA, Bergman B. Genome fluctuations in cyanobacteria reflect evolutionary, developmental and adaptive traits. BMC Evol Biol. 2011;11(1):187. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-11-187

 

  1. Tan LT. Pharmaceutical agents from filamentous marine cyanobacteria. Drug Discov Today. 2013;18(17-18):863-871. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2013.05.010

 

  1. Hrouzek P, Tomek P, Lukešova A, et al. Cytotoxicity and secondary metabolites production in terrestrial Nostoc strains, originating from different climatic/geographic regions and habitats: Is their cytotoxicity environmentally dependent? Environ Toxicol. 2010;26(4):345-358. doi: 10.1002/tox.20561

 

  1. Micallef ML, Sharma D, Bunn BM, Gerwick L, Viswanathan R, Moffitt MC. Comparative analysis of hapalindole, ambiguine and welwitindolinone gene clusters and reconstitution of indole-isonitrile biosynthesis from cyanobacteria. BMC Microbiol. 2014;14(1):213. doi: 10.1186/s12866-014-0213-7

 

  1. Hillwig ML, Zhu Q, Liu X. Biosynthesis of Ambiguine Indole Alkaloids in Cyanobacterium Fischerella ambigua. ACS Chem Biol. 2013;9(2):372-377. doi: 10.1021/cb400681n

 

  1. Hillwig ML, Fuhrman HA, Ittiamornkul K, Sevco TJ, Kwak DH, Liu X. Identification and Characterization of a Welwitindolinone Alkaloid Biosynthetic Gene Cluster in the Stigonematalean Cyanobacterium Hapalosiphon welwitschii. Chembiochem. 2014;15(5):665-669. doi: 10.1002/cbic.201300794

 

  1. Sharma D. Harnessing genome and building molecules for investigating biosynthetic mechanism in the model group V cyanobacteria. Dissertation. Case Western Reserve University; 2016.

 

  1. Dodds WK, Gudder DA, Mollenhauer D. The ecology of Nostoc. J Phycol. 1995;31(1):2-18. doi: 10.1111/j.0022-3646.1995.00002.x

 

  1. Potts, M. Nostoc. In: Whitton BA, Potts M, editors. The Ecology of Cyanobacteria. Dordrecht, NL: Springer; 2002:465-504.

 

  1. Mollenhauer D, Budel B, Mollenhauer R. Approaches to species delimitations in the genus Nostoc Vaucher 1803 ex Bornet et Flahault 1888. Algol Stud. 1995;75:189-209. doi: 10.1127/algol_stud/75/1995/189

 

  1. Komarek J, Anagnostidis K. Modern approach to the classification system of Cyanophytes 4-Nostocales. Algol Stud. 1989;73(3):247-345.

 

  1. Micallef ML, D’Agostino PM, Sharma D, Viswanathan R, Moffitt MC. Genome mining for natural product biosynthetic gene clusters in the Subsection V cyanobacteria. BMC Genom. 2015;16(1):669. doi: 10.1186/s12864-015-1855-z

 

  1. Rawat D, Bhargava S. Bioactive Compounds from Nostoc Species. Curr Res Pharm Sci. 2011;02:48-54.

 

  1. Schwartz RE, Hirsch CF, Sesin DF, et al. Pharmaceuticals from cultured algae. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 1990;5(2-3):113-123. doi: 10.1007/bf01573860

 

  1. Parker CN, Ottl J, Gabriel D, Zhang JH. Advances in Biological Screening for Lead Discovery. In: Buss AD and Butler MS, eds. Natural Product Chemistry for Drug Discovery, Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry; 2010: 243-271.

 

  1. Okino T, Qi S, Matsuda H, Murakami M, Yamaguchi K. Nostopeptins A and B, Elastase Inhibitors from the Cyanobacterium Nostoc minutum. J Nat Prod. 1997;60(2):158-161. doi: 10.1021/np960649a

 

  1. Banker R, Carmeli S. Tenuecyclamides A−D, Cyclic Hexapeptides from the Cyanobacterium Nostoc spongiaeforme var. tenue. J Nat Prod. 1998;61(10):1248-1251. doi: 10.1021/np980138j

 

  1. Kajiyama SI, Kanzaki H, Kawazu K, Kobayashi A. Nostofungicidine, an antifungal lipopeptide from the field-grown terrestrial blue-green alga Nostoc commune. Tetrahedron Lett. 1998;39(22):3737-3740. doi: 10.1016/s0040-4039(98)00573-5

 

  1. Sivonen K, Carmichael WW, Namikoshi M, Rinehart KL, Dahlem AM, Niemela SI. Isolation and characterization of hepatotoxic microcystin homologs from the filamentous freshwater cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. strain 152. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990;56(9):2650-2657. doi: 10.1128/aem.56.9.2650-2657.1990

 

  1. Oksanen I, Jokela J, Fewer DP, Wahlsten M, Rikkinen J, Sivonen K. Discovery of Rare and Highly Toxic Microcystins from Lichen-Associated Cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. Strain IO-102-I. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2004;70(10):5756-5763. doi: 10.1128/aem.70.10.5756-5763.2004

 

  1. Chaganty S, Golakoti T, Heltzel C, Moore RE, Yoshida WY. Isolation and Structure Determination of Cryptophycins 38, 326, and 327 from the Terrestrial Cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. GSV 224. J Nat Prod. 2004;67(8):1403-1406. doi: 10.1021/np0499665

 

  1. Smith CD, Zhang X, Mooberry SL, Patterson GM, Moore RE. Cryptophycin: a new anti-microtubule agent active against drug-resistant cells. Cancer Res. 1994;54(14):3779-3784.

 

  1. Shih C, Teicher B. Cryptophycins: a novel class of potent antimitotic antitumor depsipeptides. Curr Pharm Des. 2001;7(13):1259-1276. doi: 10.2174/1381612013397474

 

  1. Kanekiyo K, Lee JB, Hayashi K, et al. Isolation of an Antiviral Polysaccharide, Nostoflan, from a Terrestrial Cyanobacterium, Nostoc flagelliforme. J Nat Prod. 2005;68(7):1037-1041. doi: 10.1021/np050056c

 

  1. Kanekiyo K, Hayashi K, Takenaka H, Lee JB, Hayashi T. Anti-herpes Simplex Virus Target of an Acidic Polysaccharide, Nostoflan, from the Edible Blue-Green Alga Nostoc flagelliforme. Biol Pharm Bull. 2007;30(8):1573-1575. doi: 10.1248/bpb.30.1573

 

  1. Fidor A, Konkel R, Mazur-Marzec H. Bioactive peptides produced by cyanobacteria of the genus Nostoc: a review. Mar Drugs. 2019;17(10):561. doi: 10.3390/md17100561

 

  1. Thuan NH, An TT, Shrestha A, Canh NX, Sohng JK, Dhakal D. Recent advances in exploration and biotechnological production of bioactive compounds in three cyanobacterial genera: Nostoc, Lyngbya, and Microcystis. Front Chem. 2019;7:604. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00604

 

  1. Becher PG, Beuchat J, Gademann K, Juttner F. Nostocarboline: isolation and synthesis of a new cholinesterase inhibitor from NosTOC78-12A. J Nat Prod. 2005;68(12):1793-1795. doi: 10.1021/np050312l

 

  1. Flores E, Wolk CP. Production, by filamentous, nitrogenfixing cyanobacteria, of a bacteriocin and of other antibiotics that kill related strains. Arch Microbiol. 1986;145(3):215-219. doi: 10.1007/bf00443648

 

  1. Larsen LK, Moore RE, Patterson GML. β-Carbolines from the Blue-Green Alga Dichothrix baueriana. J Nat Prod. 1994;57(3):419-421. doi: 10.1021/np50105a018

 

  1. Volk RB. Screening of microalgal culture media for the presence of algicidal compounds and isolation and identification of two bioactive metabolites, excreted by the cyanobacteria Nostoc insulare and Nodularia harveyana. J Appl Phycol. 2005;17(4):339-347. doi: 10.1007/s10811-005-7292-7

 

  1. Allen JRF, Holmstedt BR. The simple β-carboline alkaloids. Phytochemistry. 1980;19(8):1573-1582. doi: 10.1016/s0031-9422(00)83773-5

 

  1. Cao R, Peng W, Wang Z, Xu A. β-Carboline Alkaloids: Biochemical and Pharmacological Functions. Curr Med Chem. 2007;14(4):479-500. doi: 10.2174/092986707779940998

 

  1. Gademann K. Natural product hybrids. CHIMIA. 2006;60(12):841. doi: 10.2533/chimia.2006.841

 

  1. Becher PG, Baumann HI, Gademann K, Juttner F. The cyanobacterial alkaloid nostocarboline: an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase and trypsin. J Appl Phycol. 2008;21(1):103-110. doi: 10.1007/s10811-008-9335-3

 

  1. Blom JF, Brutsch T, Barbaras D, et al. Potent algicides based on the cyanobacterial alkaloid nostocarboline. Org Lett. 2006;8(4):737-740. doi: 10.1021/ol052968b

 

  1. Gademann K. Cyanobacterial natural products for the inhibition of biofilm formation and biofouling. CHIMIA. 2007;61(6):373. doi: 10.2533/chimia.2007.373

 

  1. Ofek K, Soreq H. Cholinergic involvement and manipulation approaches in multiple system disorders. Chem Biol Interact. 2013;203(1):113-119. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2012.07.007

 

  1. Lilienfeld S. Galantamine - a Novel Cholinergic Drug with a Unique Dual Mode of Action for the Treatment of Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease. CNS Drug Rev. 2002;8(2):159-176. doi: 10.1111/j.1527-3458.2002.tb00221.x

 

  1. Scarpini E, Schelterns P, Feldman H. Treatment of Alzheimer’s disease; current status and new perspectives. Lancet Neurol. 2003;2(9):539-547. doi: 10.1016/s1474-4422(03)00502-7

 

  1. Barbaras D, Kaiser M, Brun R, Gademann K. Potent and selective anti-plasmodial activity of the cyanobacterial alkaloid nostocarboline and its dimers. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2008;18(15):4413-4415. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.06.049

 

  1. Portmann C, Prestinari C, Myers T, Scharte J, Gademann K. Directed biosynthesis of phytotoxic alkaloids in the cyanobacterium Nostoc 78–12A. Chembiochem. 2009;10(5):889-895. doi: 10.1002/cbic.200800837

 

  1. Bonazzi S, Barbaras D, Patiny L, et al. Antimalarial and antitubercular nostocarboline and eudistomin derivatives: Synthesis, in vitro and in vivo biological evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem. 2010;18(4):1464-1476. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.01.013

 

  1. Locher HH, Ritz D, Pfaff P, et al. Dimers of Nostocarboline with Potent Antibacterial Activity. Chemotherapy. 2010;56(4):318-324. doi: 10.1159/000320033

 

  1. Mehner C, Muller D, Kehraus S, Hautmann S, Gutschow M, Konig GM. New Peptolides from the Cyanobacterium Nostoc insulare as Selective and Potent Inhibitors of Human Leukocyte Elastase. Chembiochem. 2008;9(16):2692-2703. doi: 10.1002/cbic.200800415

 

  1. Weckesser J, Martin C, Jakobi C. Cyanopeptolins, depsipeptides from cyanobacteria. Syst Appl Microbiol. 1996;19(2):133-138. doi: 10.1016/s0723-2020(96)80038-5

 

  1. Martin C, Oberer L, Ino T, Konig WA, Busch M, Weckesser J. Cyanopeptolins, new depsipeptides from the cyanobacterium Microcystis sp. pcc 7806. J Antibiot. 1993;46(10):1550-1556. doi: 10.7164/antibiotics.46.1550

 

  1. Welker M, Von Dohren H. Cyanobacterial peptides - Nature’s own combinatorial biosynthesis. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2006;30(4):530-563. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2006.00022.x

 

  1. Rouhiainen L, Paulin L, Suomalainen S, et al. Genes encoding synthetases of cyclic depsipeptides, anabaenopeptilides, in Anabaena strain 90. Mol Microbiol. 2000;37(1):156-167. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01982.x

 

  1. Cram DJ, Steinberg H. Macro Rings. I. Preparation and spectra of the paracyclophanes. J Am Chem Soc. 1951;73(12):5691-5704. doi: 10.1021/j01156059

 

  1. Martins TP, Rouger C, Glasser NR, et al. Chemistry, bioactivity and biosynthesis of cyanobacterial alkylresorcinols. Nat Prod Rep. 2019;36(10):1437-1461. doi: 10.1039/c8np00080h

 

  1. Koga K, Odashima K. Cyclophanes as hosts for aromatic and aliphatic guests. J Incl Phenom Macrocycl Chem. 1989;7(1):53-60. doi: 10.1007/bf01112782

 

  1. Moore BS, Chen JL, Patterson GML, et al. [7.7] Paracyclophanes from blue-green algae. J Am Chem Soc. 1990;112(10):4061-4063. doi: 10.1021/j00166066

 

  1. Bobzin SC, Moore RE. Biosynthetic origin of [7.7] paracyclophanes from cyanobacteria. Tetrahedron. 1993;49(35):7615-7626. doi: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)87237-9

 

  1. Gulder T, Baran PS. Strained cyclophane natural products: Macrocyclization at its limits. Nat Prod Rep. 2012;29(8):899. doi: 10.1039/c2np20034a

 

  1. Moore BS, Chen JL, Patterson GML, Moore RE. Structures of cylindrocyphanes a-f. Tetrahedron. 1992;48(15):3001-3006. doi: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)92244-6

 

  1. Chen JL, Moore RE, Patterson GML. Structures of nostocyclophanes A-D. J Org Chem. 1991;56(14):4360-4364. doi: 10.1021/jo00014a008

 

  1. Ploutno A, Carmeli S. Nostocyclyne A, a Novel Antimicrobial Cyclophane from the Cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. J Nat Prod. 2000;63(11):1524-1526. doi: 10.1021/np0002334

 

  1. Kang HS, Santarsiero BD, Kim H, et al. Merocyclophanes A and B, antiproliferative cyclophanes from the cultured terrestrial Cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. Phytochemistry. 2012;79:109-115. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.03.005

 

  1. Bui HTN, Jansen R, Pham HTL, Mundt S. Carbamidocyclophanes A−E, Chlorinated Paracyclophanes with Cytotoxic and Antibiotic Activity from the Vietnamese Cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. J Nat Prod. 2007;70(4):499-503. doi: 10.1021/np060324m

 

  1. Luo S, Kang HS, Krunic A, et al. Carbamidocyclophanes F and G with anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis activity from the cultured freshwater cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. Tetrahedron Lett. 2013;55(3):686-689. doi: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.11.112

 

  1. Zabolotneva AA, Shatova OP, Sadova AA, Shestopalov AV, Roumiantsev SA. An overview of Alkylresorcinols Biological Properties and Effects. J Nutr Metab. 2022;2022:1-12. doi: 10.1155/2022/4667607

 

  1. Preisitsch M, Harmrolfs K, Pham HT, et al. Anti-MRSA-acting carbamidocyclophanes H–L from the Vietnamese cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. CAVN2. J Antibiot. 2015;68(3):165-177. doi: 10.1038/ja.2014.118

 

  1. Preisitsch M, Heiden S, Beerbaum M, et al. Effects of Halide Ions on the Carbamidocyclophane Biosynthesis in Nostoc sp. CAVN2. Mar Drugs. 2016;14(1):21. doi: 10.3390/md14010021

 

  1. Zelik P, Lukešova A, Voloshko LN, Štys D, Kopecky J. Screening for acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity in cyanobacteria of the genus Nostoc. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem. 2009;24(2):531-536. doi: 10.1080/14756360802234836

 

  1. Zelik P, Lukešova A, Čejka J, et al. Nostotrebin 6, a bis(cyclopentenedione) with cholinesterase inhibitory activity isolated from Nostoc sp. str. Lukešova 27/97. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem. 2010;25(3):414-420. doi: 10.3109/14756360903213481

 

  1. Cheel J, Bogdanova K, Ignatova S, et al. Dimeric cyanobacterial cyclopent-4-ene-1,3-dione as selective inhibitor of Gram-positive bacteria growth: Bio-production approach and preparative isolation by HPCCC. Algal Res. 2016;18:244-249. doi: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.06.022

 

  1. Kossack R, Breinlinger S, Nguyen T, et al. Nostotrebin 6 Related Cyclopentenediones and δ-Lactones with Broad Activity Spectrum Isolated from the Cultivation Medium of the Cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. CBT1153. J Nat Prod. 2020;83(2):392-400. doi: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00885

 

  1. Chlipala GE, Sturdy M, Krunic A, et al. Cylindrocyclophanes with Proteasome Inhibitory Activity from the Cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. J Nat Prod. 2010;73(9):1529-1537. doi: 10.1021/np100352e

 

  1. Voges D, Zwickl P, Baumeister W. The 26S proteasome: a molecular machine designed for controlled proteolysis. Annu Rev Biochem. 1999;68(1):1015-1068. doi: 10.1146/annurev.biochem.68.1.1015

 

  1. Berthold D, Breit B. Total Synthesis of (−)‐Cylindrocyclophane F: A yardstick for probing new catalytic C−C Bond‐Forming methodologies. Chemistry. 2018;24(63):16770-16773. doi: 10.1002/chem.201804585

 

  1. Bosse AT, Hunt LR, Suarez CA, et al. Total synthesis of (−)-cylindrocyclophane A facilitated by C−H functionalization. Science. 2024;386(6722):641-646. doi: 10.1126/science.adp2425

 

  1. Nakamura H, Hamer HA, Sirasani G, Balskus EP. Cylindrocyclophane biosynthesis involves functionalization of an unactivated carbon center. J Am Chem Soc. 2012;134(45):18518-18521. doi: 10.1021/ja308318p

 

  1. Balskus EP, Nakamura H. Using chemical knowledge to uncover new biological function: Discovery of the cylindrocyclophane biosynthetic pathway. Synlett. 2013;24(12):1464-1470. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1338879

 

  1. Nakamura H, Wang JX, Balskus EP. Assembly line termination in cylindrocyclophane biosynthesis: discovery of an editing type II thioesterase domain in a type I polyketide synthase. Chem Sci. 2015;6(7):3816-3822. doi: 10.1039/c4sc03132f

 

  1. Nakamura H, Schultz EE, Balskus EP. A new strategy for aromatic ring alkylation in cylindrocyclophane biosynthesis. Nat Chem Biol. 2017;13(8):916-921. doi: 10.1038/nchembio.2421

 

  1. Moore RE. Cyclic peptides and depsipeptides from cyanobacteria: A review. J Ind Microbiol. 1996;16(2):134-143. doi: 10.1007/bf01570074

 

  1. Sainis I, Fokas D, Vareli K, Tzakos A, Kounnis V, Briasoulis E. Cyanobacterial cyclopeptides as lead compounds to novel targeted cancer drugs. Mar Drugs. 2010;8(3):629-657. doi: 10.3390/md8030629

 

  1. Shishido TK, Jokela J, Fewer DP, Wahlsten M, Fiore MF, Sivonen K. Simultaneous Production of Anabaenopeptins and Namalides by the Cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. CENA543. ACS Chem Biol. 2017;12(11):2746-2755. doi: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00570

 

  1. Konkel R, Grabski M, Cegłowska M, Wieczerzak E, Węgrzyn G, Mazur-Marzec H. Anabaenopeptins from Nostoc edaphicum CCNP1411. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(19):12346. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191912346

 

  1. Golakoti T, Yoshida WY, Chaganty S, Moore RE. Isolation and Structure Determination of Nostocyclopeptides A1 and A2 from the Terrestrial Cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. ATCC53789. J Nat Prod. 2001;64(1):54-59. doi: 10.1021/np000316k

 

  1. Bok JW, Hoffmeister D, Maggio-Hall LA, Murillo R, Glasner JD, Keller NP. Genomic mining for Aspergillus natural products. Chem Biol. 2006;13(1):31-37. doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2005.10.008

 

  1. Corre C, Challis GL. New natural product biosynthetic chemistry discovered by genome mining. Nat Prod Rep. 2009;26(8):977. doi: 10.1039/b713024b

 

  1. Kalaitzis JA, Lauro FM, Neilan BA. Mining cyanobacterial genomes for genes encoding complex biosynthetic pathways. Nat Prod Rep. 2009;26(11):1447. doi: 10.1039/b817074f

 

  1. Osbourn A. Secondary metabolic gene clusters: evolutionary toolkits for chemical innovation. Trends Genet. 2010;26(10):449-457. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2010.07.001

 

  1. Cimermancic P, Medema MH, Claesen J, et al. Insights into Secondary Metabolism from a Global Analysis of Prokaryotic Biosynthetic Gene Clusters. Cell. 2014;158(2):412-421. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.06.034

 

  1. Jokela J, Herfindal L, Wahlsten M, et al. A Novel Cyanobacterial Nostocyclopeptide is a Potent Antitoxin against Microcystins. Chembiochem. 2010;11(11):1594-1599. doi: 10.1002/cbic.201000179

 

  1. Herfindal L, Myhren L, Kleppe R, et al. Nostocyclopeptide-M1: a potent, nontoxic inhibitor of the hepatocyte drug transporters OATP1B3 and OATP1B1. Mol Pharm. 2011;8(2):360-367. doi: 10.1021/mp1002224.

 

  1. Pluotno A, Carmeli S. Banyasin A and banyasides A and B, three novel modified peptides from a water bloom of the cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. Tetrahedron. 2005;61(3):575–583. doi: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.11.016.

 

  1. Fujii, K, Sivonen, K, Adachi, K, et al Comparative study of toxic and non-toxic cyanobacterial products: A novel glycoside, suomilide, from non-toxic Nodularia spumigena HKVV. Tetrahedron Lett. 1997;38(31):5529–5532. doi: 10.1016/S0040-4039(97)01193-3

 

  1. Schneider YK, Liaimer A, Isaksson J, et al. Four new suomilides isolated from the cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. KVJ20 and proposal of their biosynthetic origin. Front Microbiol. 2023;20(14)1130018. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1130018.

 

  1. May DS, Chen WL, Lantvit DD, et al. Merocyclophanes C and D from the Cultured Freshwater Cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. (UIC 10110). J Nat Prod. 2017;80(4):1073-1080. doi: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b01175

 

  1. Banker R, Carmeli S. Inhibitors of serine proteases from a waterbloom of the cyanobacterium Microcystis sp. Tetrahedron. 1999;55(35):10835-10844. doi: 10.1016/s0040-4020(99)00597-9

 

  1. Ersmark K, Del Valle JR, Hanessian S. Chemistry and biology of the aeruginosin family of serine protease inhibitors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2007;47(7):1202-1223. doi: 10.1002/anie.200605219

 

  1. Ishida K, Welker M, Christiansen G, et al. Plasticity and evolution of aeruginosin biosynthesis in cyanobacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009;75(7):2017-2026. doi: 10.1128/aem.02258-08

 

  1. Raveh A, Carmeli S. Two novel biological active modified peptides from the cyanobacterium Microcystis sp. Phytochem Lett. 2008;2(1):10-14. doi: 10.1016/j.phytol.2008.10.002

 

  1. Elkobi-Peer S, Faigenbaum R, Carmeli S. Bromine- and Chlorine-Containing Aeruginosins from Microcystis aeruginosa Bloom Material Collected in Kibbutz Geva, Israel. J Nat Prod. 2012;75(12):2144-2151. doi: 10.1021/np3005612

 

  1. Elkobi-Peer S, Singh RK, Mohapatra TM, Tiwari SP, Carmeli S. Aeruginosins from a Microcystis sp. Bloom Material Collected in Varanasi, India. J Nat Prod. 2013;76(6):1187-1190. doi: 10.1021/np4001152

 

  1. Adiv S, Carmeli S. Protease Inhibitors from Microcystis aeruginosa Bloom Material Collected from the Dalton Reservoir, Israel. J Nat Prod. 2013;76(12):2307-2315. doi: 10.1021/np4006844

 

  1. Kapuścik A, Hrouzek P, Kuzma M, et al. Novel Aeruginosin‐865 from Nostoc sp. as a Potent Antiinflammatory Agent. ChemBioChem. 2013;14(17):2329-2337. doi: 10.1002/cbic.201300246

 

  1. Rounge TB, Rohrlack T, Nederbragt AJ, Kristensen T, Jakobsen KS. A genome-wide analysis of nonribosomal peptide synthetase gene clusters and their peptides in a Planktothrix rubescens strain. BMC Genomics. 2009;10(1):396. doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-10-396

 

  1. Liu L, Jokela J, Wahlsten M, et al. Nostosins, Trypsin Inhibitors Isolated from the Terrestrial Cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. Strain FSN. J Nat Prod. 2014;77(8):1784-1790. doi: 10.1021/np500106w

 

  1. Iyaguchi D, Kawano S, Takada K, Toyota E. Structural basis for the design of novel Schiff base metal chelate inhibitors of trypsin. Bioorg Med Chem. 2010;18(6):2076-2080. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.02.016

 

  1. Aoyagi T, Miyata S, Nanbo M, Kojima F, Matsuzaki M. Biological activities of Leupeptins. J Antibiot. 1969;22(11):558-568. doi: 10.7164/antibiotics. 22.558

 

  1. Volk RB, Mundt S. Cytotoxic and non-cytotoxic exometabolites of the cyanobacterium Nostoc insulare. J Appl Phycol. 2006;19(1):55-62. doi: 10.1007/s10811-006-9110-2

 

  1. Volk RB, Furkert FH. Antialgal, antibacterial and antifungal activity of two metabolites produced and excreted by cyanobacteria during growth. Microbiol Res. 2006;161(2):180-186. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2005.08.005

 

  1. El-Sheekh MM, Osman ME, Dyab MA, Amer MS. Production and characterization of antimicrobial active substance from the cyanobacterium Nostoc muscorum. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2006;21(1):42-50. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2005.06.006

 

  1. Oudra B, Andaloussi MDE, Vasconcelos VM. Identification and quantification of microcystins from a Nostoc muscorum bloom occurring in Oukaimeden River (High-Atlas mountains of Marrakech, Morocco). Environ Monit Assess. 2008;149(1-4):437-444. doi: 10.1007/s10661-008-0220-y

 

  1. Wieneke R, Klein S, Geyer A, Loos E. Structural and functional characterization of galactooligosaccharides in Nostoc commune: β-d-galactofuranosyl-(1→6)-[β-d galactofuranosyl-(1→6)]2-β-d-1,4-anhydrogalactitol and β-(1→6)-galactofuranosylated homologues. Carbohydr Res. 2007;342(18):2757-2765. doi: 10.1016/j.carres.2007.09.003

 

  1. Volk RB. Screening of microalgae for species excreting norharmane, a manifold biologically active indole alkaloid. Microbiol Res. 2008;163(3):307-313. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2006.06.002

 

  1. Nazifi E, Wada N, Yamaba M, Asano T, Nishiuchi T, Matsugo S, Sakamoto T. Glycosylated porphyra-334 and palythinethreonine from the terrestrial cyanobacterium Nostoc commune. Mar Drugs. 2013;11(9):3124-3154. doi: 10.3390/md11093124.

 

  1. Asthana RK, Deepali, Tripathi MK, et al. Isolation and identification of a new antibacterial entity from the Antarctic cyanobacterium Nostoc CCC 537. J Appl Phycol. 2008;21(1):81-88. doi: 10.1007/s10811-008-9328-2

 

  1. Bajpai R, Sharma NK, Lawton LA, Edwards C, Rai AK. Microcystin producing cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. BHU001 from a pond in India. Toxicon. 2009;53(5):587-590. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.01.023

 

  1. Kaasalainen U, Jokela J, Fewer DP, Sivonen K, Rikkinen J. Microcystin production in the tripartite cyanolichen Peltigera leucophlebia. Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2009;22(6):695-702. doi: 10.1094/MPMI-22-6-0695

 

  1. Takaichi S, Maoka T, Mochimaru M. Unique carotenoids in the terrestrial cyanobacterium Nostoc commune NIES-24: 2-hydroxymyxol 2’-fucoside, nostoxanthin and canthaxanthin. Curr Microbiol. 2009;59(4):413-419. doi: 10.1007/s00284-009-9453-4

 

  1. Vacek J, Hrbač J, Kopecky J, Vostalova J. Cytotoxicity and Pro-Apoptotic Activity of 2,2´-Bis[4,5-bis(4-hydroxybenzyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclopent-4-en-1,3-dione], a Phenolic Cyclopentenedione Isolated from the Cyanobacterium Strain Nostoc sp. str. Lukešova 27/97. Molecules. 2011;16(5):4254-4263. doi: 10.3390/molecules16054254

 

  1. Genuario DB, Silva-Stenico ME, Welker M, Beraldo Moraes LA, Fiore MF. Characterization of a microcystin and detection of microcystin synthetase genes from a Brazilian isolate of Nostoc. Toxicon. 2010;55(4):846-854. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.12.001

 

  1. Herfindal L, Myhren L, Kleppe R, et al. Nostocyclopeptide-M1: a potent, nontoxic inhibitor of the hepatocyte drug transporters OATP1B3 and OATP1B1. Mol Pharm. 2011;8(2):360–367. doi: 10.1021/mp1002224

 

  1. Ninomiya M, Satoh H, Yamaguchi Y, Takenaka H, Koketsu M. Antioxidative activity and chemical constituents of edible terrestrial alga Nostoc commune Vauch. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2011;75(11):2175-2177. doi: 10.1271/bbb.110466

 

  1. Itoh T, Tsuchida A, Muramatsu Y, et al. Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties of nostocionone isolated from Nostoc commune Vauch and its derivatives against Propionibacterium acnes. Anaerobe. 2014;27:56-63. doi: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2014.03.006

 

  1. Matsui K, Nazifi E, Hirai Y, Wada N, Matsugo S, Sakamoto T. The cyanobacterial UV-absorbing pigment scytonemin displays radical-scavenging activity. J Gen Appl Microbiol. 2012;58(2):137-144. doi: 10.2323/jgam.58.137

 

  1. Itoh T, Tsuzuki R, Tanaka T, et al. Reduced scytonemin isolated from Nostoc commune induces autophagic cell death in human T-lymphoid cell line Jurkat cells. Food Chem Toxicol. 2013;60:76-82. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.07.016

 

  1. Jensen S, Petersen BO, Omarsdottir S, Paulsen BS, Duus JO, Olafsdottir ES. Structural characterisation of a complex heteroglycan from the cyanobacterium Nostoc commune. Carbohydrate Polymers. 2012;91(1):370-376. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.08.063

 

  1. Gehringer MM, Adler L, Roberts AA, et al. Nodularin, a cyanobacterial toxin, is synthesized in planta by symbiotic Nostoc sp. ISME J. 2012;6(10):1834-1847. doi: 10.1038/ismej.2012.25

 

  1. Hashtroudi MS, Shariatmadari Z, Riahi H, Ghassempour A. Analysis of Anabaena vaginicola and Nostoc calcicola from Northern Iran, as rich sources of major carotenoids. Food Chem. 2013;136(3-4):1148-1153. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.09.055

 

  1. Silva-Stenico M, Kaneno R, Zambuzi F, Vaz M, Alvarenga D, Fiore M. Natural Products from Cyanobacteria with Antimicrobial and Antitumor Activity. Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2014;14(9):820-828. doi: 10.2174/1389201014666131227114846

 

  1. Humisto A, Jokela J, Liu L, et al. The Swinholide Biosynthesis Gene Cluster from a Terrestrial Cyanobacterium, Nostoc sp. Strain UHCC 0450. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2018;84(3):e02321-17. doi: 10.1128/AEM.02321-17
Share
Back to top
Innovative Medicines & Omics, Electronic ISSN: 3060-8740 Print ISSN: 3060-8910, Published by AccScience Publishing
We use cookies on our website to ensure you get the best experience.
Read more about our cookies here
Accept