AccScience Publishing / IJOCTA / Online First / DOI: 10.36922/ijocta.8407
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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Improving the performance of a chaotic nonlinear system of fractional-order brushless direct current electric motor using fractional-order sliding mode control

Amin Kaveh1 ,  Mohammad Vahedi2* ,  Majid Gandomkar1
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1 Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Technical, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Technical, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran
IJOCTA, 8407 https://doi.org/10.36922/ijocta.8407
Received: 14 January 2025 | Revised: 7 March 2025 | Accepted: 24 March 2025 | Published online: 22 April 2025
© 2025 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution -Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC-by the license) ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Brushless direct current (BLDC) motors are widely used in industrial applications due to their high efficiency and reliability. However, these motors exhibit inherent nonlinear and chaotic behavior, which can degrade performance and cause instability under certain operating conditions. This paper proposes a fractional-order sliding mode controller (FO-SMC) for robust chaos suppression and improved stability in BLDC motor systems to address this issue. The proposed controller leverages fractional-order calculus to enhance robustness, mitigate chattering, and provide better disturbance rejection than conventional control approaches. A comprehensive Lyapunov-based stability analysis is conducted to ensure finite-time convergence and system stability under parameter uncertainties and external disturbances. The effectiveness of the proposed FO-SMC is evaluated through extensive numerical simulations, comparing its performance against the integer-order sliding mode control method. The results demonstrate that FOS-MC significantly outperforms traditional controllers regarding settling time, overshoot reduction, and robustness to external perturbations. Additionally, the study explores the practical feasibility of implementing the proposed control strategy in real-time applications using Grunwald–Letnikov fractional derivatives, which enable efficient numerical approximation and digital implementation in field-programmable gate array-based and microcontroller-driven control systems. The findings confirm that FOS-MC provides a highly adaptive and resilient solution for stabilizing BLDC motors, making it a strong candidate for advanced industrial automation and high-performance motor control applications.

Keywords
Brushless direct current motor
Fractional-order sliding mode control
Chaos
Lyapunov stability
Robust control
Funding
None.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare they have no competing interests.
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An International Journal of Optimization and Control: Theories & Applications, Electronic ISSN: 2146-5703 Print ISSN: 2146-0957, Published by AccScience Publishing
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