Although the bioprinting field has greatly evolved in recent years, difficulties regarding scaling up the technology to clinical practice remain. In this regards, modular approaches, allowing to generate tissue constructs for various applications, including drug discovery and tissue engineering have witnessed rapid development. They allow to recapitulate the complexity and heterogeneity of hierarchical tissues by utilizing encapsulated cells or cell aggregates as building blocks, which can either be used for bottom-up assembly or for minimally invasive delivery. The use of multicellular aggregates also allows to better recapitulate natural cell environment, in addition these building blocks can be used for robotic assembly, e.g. using a Kenzan method. Hence, this special issue invites submissions discussing novel building blocks for bioprinting, as well as their translatability to clinical scenario.