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REVIEW

Advances in tissue engineering and 3D bioprinting for corneal regeneration

Tamás Monostori1,2,3 ,  Diána Szűcs1,2,3 ,  Borbála Lovászi1,2,3 ,  Lajos Kemény3,4 ,  Zoltán Veréb1,3*
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1 Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory (HECRIN), Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Faculty of Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
2 Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
3 Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
4 Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine-USz Skin Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
IJB 2024, 10(2), 1669 https://doi.org/10.36922/ijb.1669
Submitted: 23 August 2023 | Accepted: 31 October 2023 | Published: 16 January 2024
© 2024 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Blindness resulting from corneal damage affects millions of people worldwide. The scarcity of corneal donors adds a layer of complexity to patient treatment. Consequently, exploring artificial cornea substitutes has become imperative in the realm of clinical research. Scientific advancements have ushered in a plethora of innovative solutions, including keratoprostheses or decellularized cornea scaffolds. The development of three-dimensional (3D) printing has further expanded the horizons of research in this field, delving into the feasibility of bioprinted corneas and yielding numerous promising outcomes. However, the manufacturing of corneal products via 3D printing poses a substantial challenge, demanding a meticulous selection of materials and techniques to ensure the transparency and preservation of the optical and mechanical properties of the artificial cornea. In the review, we present the artificial cornea substitutes. Additionally, we aim to provide a concise overview of the 3D printing techniques and materials applicable to corneal bioprinting.

Keywords
Cornea
Blindness
Artificial cornea
3D printing
Stem cells
Funding
This work was supported by the National Research, Development, and Innovation Office (NKFI PD 132570, awarded to Z.V.). Z.V. was also the recipient of the Bolyai János Postdoctoral Fellowship (BO/00190/20/5), funded by the New National Excellence Program of the Hungarian Ministry for Innovation and Technology through the National Research Development and Innovation Fund. Projects TKP2021-EGA-28 and TKP2021-EGA-32 were carried out with support from the Ministry of Innovation and Technology of Hungary through the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund, financed under the TKP2021-EGA funding scheme. The funders played no role in study design, data collection, analysis, publishing decisions, or manuscript preparation.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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International Journal of Bioprinting, Electronic ISSN: 2424-8002 Print ISSN: 2424-7723, Published by AccScience Publishing
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