AccScience Publishing / GTM / Online First / DOI: 10.36922/gtm.8474
Submit to GTM
Cite this article
2
Download
167
Views
Journal Browser
Volume | Year
Issue
Search
Forthcoming Issue
Current Issue
View All
News and Announcements
View All
BRIEF REPORT

A comparison of pathology examination and immunohistochemistry in studying pituitary adenomas

Ach Taieb1,2,3* ,  El Arem Marwa1,2 ,  Abdessaied Nihed1,4 ,  Ach Koussay1,2
Show Less
1 Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
2 Department of Diabetology, University Hospital of Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia
3 Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Pathophysiology; L.R.19ES09, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
4 Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia
Global Translational Medicine, 8474 https://doi.org/10.36922/gtm.8474
Submitted: 9 January 2025 | Revised: 9 February 2025 | Accepted: 24 February 2025 | Published: 24 March 2025
© 2025 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
Download PDF
Cite
XML
Abstract

The integration of clinical, biochemical, radiological, and pathological data is crucial for diagnosing and managing pituitary adenomas (PAs). The objective of the study is to compare the clinical and biochemical classifications of PAs with their histopathological findings to improve diagnosis and treatment. This study characterized the clinical, hormonal, and pathological profiles of 40 patients with histologically confirmed PAs. Histopathological analysis identified eosinophilic adenomas in 75% of cases, amphophilic adenomas in 15%, and basophilic adenomas in 10%. Hormonal profiling revealed 22.5% prolactinomas, 15% somatotroph adenomas, 0.5% Cushing disease, and 57.5% non-functioning adenomas. Morphologically, tumors exhibited solid (55%), trabecular (30%), and papillary (15%) growth patterns. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis revealed monohormonal secretion in 31.5%, mixed growth hormone/prolactin secretion in 39.4%, and plurihormonal secretion in 28.9% of cases. In conclusion, this study highlights prolactinomas as the most prevalent subtype, underscoring the critical role of integrating histopathological and IHC findings for accurate diagnosis and classification of adenomas.

Keywords
Adenomas
Pathology
Immunohistochemistry
Hormones
Pituitary
Funding
None.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
References
  1. Tritos NA, Miller KK. Diagnosis and management of pituitary adenomas: A review. JAMA. 2023;329(16):1386-1398. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.5444

 

  1. Lloyd RV, Osamura RY, Klöppel G, Rosai J. WHO classification of tumours: Pituitary tumours. In: Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of Endocrine Organs. Lyon, France: IARC; 2022. p. 10-15.

 

  1. Saeger W, Lüdecke DK, Buchfelder M, Fahlbusch R, Quabbe HJ, Petersenn S. Pathohistological classification of pituitary tumors: Experience from the German pituitary tumor registry. Eur J Endocrinol. 2017;176(2):193-201.

 

  1. Sanchez-Tejada L, Moreno-Perez O, Alfayate R, et al. Contribution of molecular analysis to the typification of non-functioning pituitary adenomas. PLoS One. 2019;14(8):e0221268.

 

  1. Dineen R, Stewart PM, Sherlock M, et al. The evolving role of molecular profiling in the management of pituitary adenomas. Cancers (Basel). 2020;12(6):1628.

 

  1. Fuchsberger C, Flannick J, Teslovich TM, et al. The genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes. Nature. 2016;536(7614):41-47. doi: 10.1038/nature18642

 

  1. DeStephano DB, Lloyd RV, Pike AM, Wilson BS. Pituitary adenomas. An immunohistochemical study of hormone production and chromogranin localization. Am J Pathol. 1984;116(3):464-472.

 

  1. Molitch ME. Diagnosis and treatment of pituitary adenomas: A review. JAMA. 2017;317(5):516-524. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.19699

 

  1. Zargar AH, Laway BA, Masoodi SR, et al. Clinical and endocrine aspects of pituitary tumors. Saudi Med J. 2004;25(10):1428-1432.

 

  1. Trouillas J. In search of a prognostic classification of endocrine pituitary tumors. Endocr Pathol. 2014;25(2):124-132. doi: 10.1007/s12022-014-9322-y

 

  1. Balinisteanu, B, Ceauşu RA, Cîmpean AM, et al. Conventional examination versus immunohistochemistry in the prediction of hormone profile of pituitary adenomas. An analysis on 142 cases. Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2011;52(3 Suppl):1041-1045.

 

  1. Sen A, Das C, Mukhopadhyay M, Mukhopadhyay S, Deb S, Mukhopadhyay B. Cytohistological correlation in pituitary tumor and immunological assessment with the help of Ki-67. J Postgrad Med. 2017;63(2):96-99. doi: 10.4103/0022-3859.192797

 

  1. Brito J, Cortés ME, Rodríguez F. Immunohistochemistry for pituitary hormones and Ki-67 in growth hormone producing pituitary adenomas. Rev Med Chil. 2008;136(7):831-836.

 

  1. Liu DG. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of plurihormonal pituitary adenomas. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 1993;73(4):223-225, 254.

 

  1. Kontogeorgos G. Classification and pathology of pituitary tumors. Endocrine. 2005;28(1):27-35. doi: 10.1385/ENDO:28:1:027

 

  1. Petrus M, Rittie JL, Causse JE, et al. Turner’s syndrome and isoforms of LH and FSH. Value of polyclonal enzymatic techniques. Arch Pediatr. 1996;3(3):245-247. doi: 10.1016/0929-693x(96)81302-9

 

  1. Ho DM, Hsu CY, Ting LT, et al. Plurihormonal pituitary adenomas: The necessity of immunostaining for accurate classification. Histopathology. 2020;76(3):422-430.

 

  1. Lopes MBS. The current role of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis and management of pituitary adenomas. Neuroendocrinology. 2021;111(5):459-469.

 

  1. Wang Y, Li J, Zhang X, et al. Advances in molecular biology and pathology of pituitary tumors: A review. Front Endocrinol. 2022;13:795983.
Share
Back to top
Global Translational Medicine, Electronic ISSN: 2811-0021 Print ISSN: 3060-8600, Published by AccScience Publishing
We use cookies on our website to ensure you get the best experience.
Read more about our cookies here
Accept