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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Relationship between sleep outcomes and lifestyle factors in young adults who sustained traumatic brain injury in childhood

Edith Botchway-Commey1,2,3* ,  Celia Godfrey1,2,3 ,  Christian L. Nicholas1,4,5 ,  Vicki Anderson1,2,3,4 ,  Cathy Catroppa1,2,3,4
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1 Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
2 Department of Psychology, Royal Children’s Hospital, Victoria, Australia
3 Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
4 School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
5 Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Victoria, Australia
Advanced Neurology 2023, 2(3), 0876 https://doi.org/10.36922/an.0876
Submitted: 28 April 2023 | Accepted: 10 July 2023 | Published: 3 August 2023
© 2023 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

This study investigated the relationships between subjective and objective sleep outcomes and lifestyle factors (i.e., nap duration, screentime, chronotype, use of tobacco, alcohol, caffeine, and medications) in young adults who sustained traumatic brain injury (TBI) in childhood. The study was conducted at the Murdoch Children’s Research Institute and Royal Children’s Hospital (Australia). It reports cross-sectional data collected at 20 years post-childhood TBI, as part of a prospective study. Participants included 54 young adults with TBI (mean age, 27.7; standard deviation [SD], 3.2 years) who were assessed at 20 years post-injury (mild [n = 14], moderate [n = 27], and severe [n = 13] TBI) and 13 healthy controls (mean age, 26.0; SD, 2.1 years). Sleep was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and actigraphy, and lifestyle factors were assessed with a study-designed questionnaire. Objective sleep efficiency was not significantly different between the TBI and control groups, but the control group presented with significantly better subjective sleep quality compared to the mild and moderate TBI severity groups. Poor subjective sleep quality was significantly associated with evening chronotype (P < 0.001) and tobacco use (P < 0.001), while being a parent (P = 0.038) and alcohol use (P = 0.035) were significantly associated with poorer objective sleep efficiency in the TBI group. These preliminary findings highlight interesting associations between poor sleep quality and lifestyle factors in young adults who sustained TBI in childhood. They highlight the need to further explore these relationships in this TBI population to inform on potential avenues for sleep interventions.

Keywords
Traumatic brain injury
Childhood
Young adulthood
Sleep
Lifestyle factors
Funding
Australian National Health and Medical Research Council project
Victorian Operational Infrastructure fund
University of Melbourne International Fee Remission
Melbourne International Research Scholarships
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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Advanced Neurology, Electronic ISSN: 2810-9619 Print ISSN: 3060-8589, Published by AccScience Publishing
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