Afzalan, N., Sanchez, T. W., & Evans-Cowley, J. (2017). Creating smarter cities: Considerations for selecting online participatory tools. Cities, 67:21-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2017.04.002

Alley, D., Liebig, P., Pynoos, J., Banerjee, T., & Choi, I. H. (2007). Creating elder-friendly communities: Preparations for an aging society. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 49(1-2):1-18. https://doi.org/10.1300/J083v49n01_01

Aristotle. (1981). In: A. T. Sinclair, Trans.; T. J. Saunders, (Ed), The Politics. England: Penguin Classics.

Austin, L., & Lie, D. (2021). Data trusts and the governance of smart environments: Lessons from the failure of sidewalk labs’ urban data trust. Surveillance and Society, 19(2):255-261. https://doi.org/10.24908/ss.v19i2.14409

Aydin, A. (2020). The role of the age-friendly cities movement against the socioeconomic risks of demographic aging. Journal of Human Sciences, 17:847-863. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v17i3.6040

Beier, L.M. (1997). Coming of Age in Rural Illinois: Developing Elder- Friendly Communities. Normal, IL: Illinois State University.

Buffel, T., & Phillipson, C. (2016). Can global cities be ‘age-friendly cities’? Urban development and ageing populations. Cities, 55:94-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2016.03.016

Buffel, T., & Phillipson, C. (2018). A manifesto for the age-friendly movement: Developing a New Urban Agenda. Journal of Aging and Social Policy, 30(2):173-192. https://doi.org/10.1080/08959420.2018.1430414

Buffel, T., & Phillipson, C. (2023). Ageing in Place in Urban Environments: Critical Perspectives. United Kingdom: Taylor and Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003229322

Changzhou Municipal People’s Government Office. (2022). Building a “one-stop” Comprehensive Service for the old-- Hongqiao Sub-district Office, Changning District, Shanghai. Taiwan: Changzhou Municipal People’s Government Office.

Chao, T. Y. S. (2018). Planning for greying cities Age-friendly City Planning and Design Research and Practice Routledge. United Kingdom: Taylor and Francis Group.

Christopher A., Silverstein, S. I. M., Jacobson, M., Fiksdahl- King, I., & Angel, S. (1977). A Pattern Language-Towns, Buildings, Construction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

City of Calgary. (2001). A Place to Call Home: Final Report of the Elder- Friendly Communities Project. Calgary: The City of Calgary.

City of Pasadena. (1995). Master Plan for Seniors: Needs, Services, and Policy Recommendations through the Year 2005. Pasadena. The City of Pasadena.

Coe, A., Paquet, G., & Roy, J. (2001). E-governance and smart communities: A social learning challenge. Social Science Computer Review, 19(1):80-93. https://doi.org/10.1177/089443930101900107

Feldman, P. H., & Oberlink, M. R. (2003). The advantage initiative: Developing community indicators to promote the health and well‐being of older people. Family and Community Health, 26(4):268-274. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003727-200310000-00004

Fitzgerald, K. G., & Caro, F. G. (2014). An overview of age-friendly cities and communities around the world. Journal of Aging and Social Policy, 26(1-2):1-18. https://doi.org/10.1080/08959420.2014.860786

Galčanová, L., & Sýkorová, D. (2015). Socio-spatial aspects of ageing in an urban context: An example from three Czech Republic cities. Ageing and Society, 35(6):1200-1220. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X14000154

Gao, W., Fan, L., Ushifusa, Y., Gu, Q., & Ren, J. (2016). Possibility and challenge of smart community in Japan. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 216:109-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.12.015

Garau, C., Zamperlin, P., & Balletto, G. (2016). Reconsidering the Geddesian concepts of community and space through the paradigm of smart cities. Sustainability, 8(10):985.

General Editor of the Encyclopedia of China. (2009). Encyclopedia of China. Beijing: Encyclopedia of China Publishing House.

Office of the Leading Group of the State Council for the Fifth National Population Census. (2000). Tabulation on the 2000 Population Census of the People’s Republic of China. Available from: https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/pcsj/rkpc/5rp/ index1.htm [Last accessed on 2024 May 23].

Office of the Leading Group of the State Council for the Sixth National Population Census. (2010). Tabulation on the 20i0 Population Census of the People’s Republic of China Available from: https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/pcsj/rkpc/6rp/ indexch.htm [Last accessed on 2024 May 23].

Office of the Leading Group of the State Council for the Seventh National Population Census. (2020). China Population Census Yearbook 2020. Available from: https://www.stats. gov.cn/sj/pcsj/rkpc/7rp/indexch.htm [Last accessed on 2024 May 23].

General Office of the State Council. (2020). Guiding Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Comprehensively Promoting the Renovation of Old Urban Districts. Beijing: General Office of the State Council.

Handayani, S. (2022). Age-Friendly City and Community: A Strategy to Promote Productive Ageing and Ageing in Place? Hong Kong: Lingnan University.

Heumann, L., Winter-Nelson, K., Anderson, J. (2001). The 1999 National Housing Survey of Section 202 Elderly Housing. Washington, DC: AARP.

Hong Kong Housing Society. (2005). Universal Design Guidebook for Residential Development in Hong Kong. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Housing Society. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8100985

Kamińska, J. A., Sciavicco, G., & Kazak, J. K. (2023). Sustainable cities and regions-statistical approaches. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(9):7607. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15097607

Kitchin, R. (2014). The real-time city? Big data and smart urbanism. GeoJournal, 79(1):1-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-013-9516-8

Kołat, K., Furmankiewicz, M., & Kalisiak-Mędelska, M. (2022). What are the needs of city dwellers in terms of the development of public spaces? A case study of participatory budgeting in Częstochowa, Poland. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(9):5171. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095171

Kong, D., Liu, S., Hong, Y., Chen, K., & Luo, Y. (2023). Perspectives on the popularization of smart senior care to meet the demands of older adults living alone in communities of Southwest China: A qualitative study. Frontiers in Public Health, 11:1094745. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1094745

Li, X., Lu, R. X., Liang, X. H., Shen, X. M., Chen, J. M., & Lin, X. D. (2011). Smart community: An internet of things application. IEEE Communications Magazine, 49(11):68-75. https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2011.6069711

Li, Y., Xie, C., & Wei, H. (2023). National demonstration! Five communities in Haidian were selected. https://news.bjd. com.cn/2023/01/08/10293939.shtml [Last accessed on 2024 May 23].

Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Y., Zhang, C., An, Z. H., & Zhao, P. J. (2021). Elderly mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative exploration in Kunming, China. Journal of Transport Geography, 96:103176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2021.103176

Long, Y. (2020). WeSpace future urban space [WeSpace·wei lai cheng shi kong jian]. China Construction Informatization, 21, 22-23.

Mahdavi, S. (2022). Soft city; Building density for everyday life. International Journal of Environmental Studies, 79(2):387-391. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207233.2022.2037319

Marston, H. R., & Van Hoof, J. (2019). “Who doesn’t think about technology when designing urban environments for older people?” A case study approach to a proposed extension of the who’s age-friendly cities model. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(19):3525. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193525

Marston, H. R., Shore, L., & White, P. J. (2020). How does a (Smart) age-friendly ecosystem look in a post-pandemic society? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(21):8276. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218276

Marston, H. R., Shore, L., Stoops, L., & Turner, R. S. (2022). Transgenerational Technology and Interactions for the 21st Century: Perspectives and Narratives. United Kingdom: Emerald Group Publishing Ltd. Available from: https:// www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0- 85153335112&partnerID=40&md5=c0ab109cdd4acfd13c0 6e56554c57ab3 [Last accessed on 2024 May 23].

Mehaffy, M., Kryazheva, Y., Rudd, A., & Salingaros, N. (2020). A New Pattern Language for Growing Regions: Places, Networks, Processes. Netherlands: Sustasis Press.

Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China. (2022). Smart City Buildings and Residential Areas-Part 2: Smart Community Evaluation (Exposure Draft). Beijing: Ministry of Housing and Urban- Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China.

Moreno, C., Allam, Z., Chabaud, D., Gall, C., & Pratlong, F. (2021). Introducing the “15-minute city”: Sustainability, resilience and place identity in future post-pandemic cities. Smart Cities, 4(1):93-111. https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities4010006

National Bureau of Statistics of China. (2023). Statistical Bulletin of National Economic and Social Development for 2022. China: National Bureau of Statistics of China.

Nieboer, A. P., & Cramm, J. M. (2022). Age-friendly communities and well-being realization among older native and immigrant populations in the Netherlands: A theory-guided study protocol. BMC Geriatrics, 22(1):273. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-022-02880-4

O’Hara, A., & Day, S. (2001). Olmstead and Supportive Housing: A Vision for the Future. Hamilton, NJ: Center for Healthcare Strategies.

Office of Beijing Working Committee on Aging. (2021), Beijing’s Development Plan for Aging Undertakings during the 14th Five-Year Plan Period. Beijing: Office of Beijing Working Committee on Aging.

Pantelopoulos, A., & Bourbakis, N. G. (2010). A survey on wearable sensor-based systems for health monitoring and prognosis. IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Part C-Applications and Reviews, 40(1):1-12. https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmcc.2009.2032660

Pasandideh, S., Pereira, P., & Gomes, L. (2022). Cyber-physical-social systems: Taxonomy, challenges, and opportunities. IEEE Access, 10:42404-42419. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3167441

Plouffe, L., Kalache, A., & Voelcker, I. (2016). A Critical Review of the WHO Age-Friendly Cities Methodology and Its Implementation. In: T. Moulaert & S. Garon, (Eds.), Age-Friendly Cities and Communities in International Comparison: Political Lessons, Scientific Avenues, and Democratic Issues. New York City: Springer International Publishing, pp. 19-36. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24031-2_2

Rémillard-Boilard, S., Buffel, T., & Phillipson, C. (2021). Developing age-friendly cities and communities: Eleven case studies from around the world. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(1):133. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010133

Salingaros, N. A., Coward, L. A., West, B. J., & Bilsen, A. V. (2008). Principles of Urban Structure. Amsterdam: Techne Press.

Shanghai Civil Affairs Bureau. (2023). There is a Mini “Old Expo” at the Door, and Happiness Pension is in Hongqiao. China: Shanghai Civil Affairs Bureau.

Shanghai Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, Shanghai Municipal Economic and Information Commission, Shanghai Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau, Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission, Shanghai Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, & Shanghai Municipal Planning and Natural Resources Bureau. (2022). Shanghai Healthy Aging Action Plan (2022-2025). Shanghai: Shanghai Municipal Development and Reform Commission.

Soja, E. W. (2013). Seeking Spatial Justice. Vol. 16. Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press.

Steels, S. (2015). Key characteristics of age-friendly cities and communities: A review. Cities, 47:45-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2015.02.004

Stephen, R. K., Mador, M., & Heerwagen, J. (2008). Biophilic Design: The Theory, Science and Practice of Bringing Buildings to Life. United States: John Wiley and Sons.

Sun, Y., Song, H., Jara, A. J., & Bie, R. (2016). Internet of things and big data analytics for smart and connected communities. IEEE Access, 4:766-773. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2016.2529723

The World Bank. (2022). Fertility Rate, Total (Births per Woman). United States: The World Bank.

Torku, A., Chan, A. P. C., & Yung, E. H. K. (2021). Age-friendly cities and communities: A review and future directions. Ageing and Society, 41(10):2242-2279. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X20000239

United Nations. (1956). The Ageing of Populations and its Economic and Social Implications. United States: United Nations.

United Nations. (2019). Ageing. Available from: https://www. un.org/en/global-issues/ageing [Last accessed on 2024 May 23].

Van Hoof, J., Marston, H. R., Brittain, K. R., & Barrie, H. R. (2019). Creating age-friendly communities: Housing and technology. Healthcare, 7(4):130. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare7040130

Van Hoof, J., Van den Hoven, R. F. M., Hess, M., Van Staalduinen, W. H., Hulsebosch-Janssen, L. M. T., & Dikken, J. (2022). How older people experience the age-friendliness of The Hague: A quantitative study. Cities, 124:103568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2022.103568

Wendel, M. L., Burdine, J. N., McLeroy, K. R., Alaniz, A., Norton, B., & Felix, M. R. (2009). Community capacity: Theory and application. Emerging Theories in Health Promotion Practice and Research, 277:302.

World Health Organization. (2007). Global Age-Friendly Cities: A Guide. Switzerland: World Health Organization.

Wu, X., & Lan, J. (2022). Strive to create a “Yantian example” of smart elderly care. Available from: https://mp.pdnews.cn/ Pc/ArtInfoApi/article?id=32768994 [Last accessed on 2024 May 23].

Xiang, L., Shen, G. Q. P., Tan, Y., & Liu, X. (2021). Emerging evolution trends of studies on age-friendly cities and communities: A scientometric review. Ageing and Society, 41(12):2814-2844. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X20000562

Yu, W. (2022). (Zhi Hui Cheng Shi - Jian Zhu Ji Ju Zhu Qu - Di 2 Bu Fen: Zhi Hui She Qu Ping Jia) Guo Jia Biao Zhun Bian Xie Qi Dong Hui Zai Jing Zhao Kai [The “Smart City Building and Residential Area Part 2: Smart Community Evaluation” national standard preparation launch meeting was held in Beijing]. China construction informatization, 06, 54-55.

Zhang, Q. (2022). Daning Road Street: A New Model of Smart Elderly Care, Creating a “1+4+X” service system. Available from: https://m.thepaper.cn/baijiahao_20053625 [Last accessed on 2024 May 23].

Zhang, Q., Li, M., & Wu, Y. (2020). Smart home for elderly care: Development and challenges in China. BMC Geriatrics, 20(1):318. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-020-01737-y