The rapid progress in the study of infectious diseases has led to transformative insights. Infectious agents, including bacteria, parasites, and notably viruses, have been implicated in various conditions such as immune system disorders, allergies, and cancers. These pathogens can interfere with the host's immune system, resulting in chronic, persistent diseases. As a result, elucidating the mechanisms behind chronic diseases induced by infectious agents has become essential, forging a critical link between fundamental research and clinical application. The significance of translational research in this context has grown substantially.

In the realm of translational medicine, preventing and treating viral infections play a pivotal role in reducing the incidence of chronic inflammatory disorders, cancers, and other related health issues. Chronic infections also significantly impact the treatment and management of metabolic, inflammatory, and neoplastic conditions. To manage these patients effectively, it is vital to follow guidelines and recommendations from scientific societies.

Key areas of focus in this field include but are not limited to:

Epidemiology of infectious diseases
Development of anti-infective therapies and vaccines
Research on emerging infectious diseases
Investigating the role of infections in the development of chronic non-infectious conditions
Examining chronic infections as comorbidities in neoplastic, metabolic,  inflammatory disorders, and immune system disorders
Understanding infectious adverse events related to immunosuppressive or anti-neoplastic drugs