AccScience Publishing / GTM / Online First / DOI: 10.36922/GTM025350063
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Effect of the ethanol extract of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) leaves on the lipid profile and body weight in testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia rats

Mba Obinna Joseph1,2* ,  Uroko Robert Ikechukwu3 ,  Amarachi Chike-Ekwughe4 ,  Obila Mary Ugochinyere5
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1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, David Umahi Federal University of Health Sciences, Uburu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
2 International Institute for Health Policy, Systems and Knowledge Translation. International Institute for Infectious Disease, Biosafety and Biosecurity Research, David Umahi Federal University of Health Sciences, Uburu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
3 Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria
4 Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
5 Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, David Umahi Federal University of Health Sciences, Uburu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Global Translational Medicine, 025350063 https://doi.org/10.36922/GTM025350063
Received: 29 August 2025 | Revised: 22 January 2026 | Accepted: 19 March 2026 | Published online: 15 May 2026
© 2026 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

The ethanol extract of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) has attracted attention for its potential effects on lipid metabolism and body weight. The current study investigated the effects of the ethanol extract of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) leaves on the lipid profile and body weight changes in testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) rats. Thirty-six rats were divided into six groups (n = 6/group): normal control, clove extract only (600 mg/kg body weight), testosterone-induced BPH control, finasteride-treated testosterone-induced BPH (3 mg/kg body weight), clove extract-treated testosterone-induced BPH (300 mg/kg body weight), and clove extract-treated testosterone-induced BPH (600 mg/kg body weight). The animals’ body weight was recorded weekly. Treatment lasted for 28 days, after which blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis. Lipid profile analysis showed significant decreases in triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and very low-density lipoprotein concentrations in the treatment groups compared with the testosterone-induced BPH control. A significant increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was observed in the treatment groups compared with the testosterone-induced BPH control. Additionally, body weight increased significantly in the treatment groups compared with the testosterone-induced BPH control. These findings suggest that the ethanol extract of clove leaves has anti-hyperlipidemic effects in BPH and may modulate body weight by promoting metabolic activity.

Keywords
Syzygium aromaticum
Lipid profile
Body weight
Testosterone
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Finasteride
Funding
None.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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Global Translational Medicine, Electronic ISSN: 2811-0021 Print ISSN: 3060-8600, Published by AccScience Publishing
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