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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Profiling the 8-nucleotide microRNA targets in genes involved in type 2 diabetes mellitus in association with oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress

Ayesha Jabeen1* ,  Umm E. Laila2
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1 Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Veneto, Italy
2 Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
Global Translational Medicine, 025440081 https://doi.org/10.36922/GTM025440081
Received: 27 October 2025 | Revised: 11 December 2025 | Accepted: 20 January 2026 | Published online: 9 February 2026
© 2026 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the top 10 global killers. The association between oxidative stress and T2DM has been reported, in which oxidative stress triggers the life-threatening consequences, including stroke, nephropathy, and myocardial infarction. MicroRNA (miRNA)-based therapies are thought to revolutionize early medical interventions, potentially enabling the treatment of T2DM. miRNAs are 20–22 nucleotide non-coding sequences used to silence genes at the post-transcriptional level. Gene testing registry, TargetScan, and other bioinformatic databases were used to identify the oxidative- and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-linked genes and their targeted miRNAs (8-mers and species conserved) associated with T2DM. ShinyGO was used to establish links between T2DM and its associated genes. We identified putative common miRNAs, such as miR-26-5p/miR-124-3p.1/miR-124-3p.2/miR-98-5p/miR-17-5p/miR-519-3p/miR-20-5p/miR-93-5p/miR-106-5p, which may involve in the regulation of T2DM-associated genes. In addition, several common miRNAs were also considered in the regulation of pathological conditions. The miRNAs for T2DM associated with oxidative stress are as follows: miR-33-5p/miR-506-3p/miR-7-5p/miR-107/miR-93-5p, and for T2DM associated with ER stress are as follows: miR-195-5p/miR-181-5p/miR-101-3p.1/miR-424-5p/miR-145-5p/miR-519-3p/miR-16-5p. Overall, this study provides a framework for the rational selection of miRNAs for nucleic acid-based therapies and guides future studies in maximizing the potential of miRNAs against oxidative- and ER-stress associated with T2DM.

Keywords
miRNAs
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Oxidative stress
Endoplasmic reticulum stress
Funding
None.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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