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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Diabetic dyslipidaemia and its predictors among hyperglycaemic patients in South Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Mashudu Nemukula1,2* ,  Fentahun Adane3 ,  Arun Kumar Malaisamy2 ,  Themba Daniel Sambo1 ,  Madikana Bradley Moshokoa4 ,  Sonwabiso Mema5 ,  Neel Sarovar Bhavesh2 ,  Harold Majane6 ,  Sechene Stanley Gololo1
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1 Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science and Technology, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa
2 Transcription Regulation Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
3 Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
4 Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa
5 Department of Family Medicine, Tshwane District Hospital, Pretoria 0084, South Africa
6 Department of Human Physiology, School of Medicine, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa
EJMO, 025380402 https://doi.org/10.36922/EJMO025380402
Received: 17 September 2025 | Revised: 15 November 2025 | Accepted: 1 December 2025 | Published online: 19 June 2026
© 2026 by the Autthor(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution -Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC-by the license) ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Introduction: Diabetic dyslipidaemia is a growing public health concern, especially among patients with diabetes. Despite advancements in diabetes management, diabetic dyslipidaemia remains prevalent and contributes to increased morbidity and mortality rates. Understanding its impact, particularly in South Africa, is crucial for developing effective interventions.

Objective: The review aims to address these gaps by systematically analysing existing published studies on diabetic dyslipidaemia, estimating its pooled prevalence, and identifying factors associated with its occurrence.

Methods: The systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist guidelines. Eligible studies were sought in electronic databases using search keywords. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist tool was used to assess the quality of studies. STATA 17 software was used for meta-analysis to compute the pooled prevalence with a 95% confidence interval.

Results: Ten eligible studies were included. The pooled prevalence of diabetic dyslipidaemia among the South African hyperglycaemic population was 71.56% (95% CI: 56.61–86.52). Sub-group analysis by region reported that the highest prevalence of diabetic dyslipidaemia was 89% (95% CI: 82.87–95.13) in the Western Cape province. The urban population was projected to have the highest prevalence of 79.97% (95% CI: 64.80–95.14). The most frequently reported pattern of diabetic dyslipidaemia was elevated LDL-C, accounting for 59% (95% CI: 43.58–75.93) of the studies. Body mass index (BMI) was the most reported predictor across multiple studies.

Conclusion: These findings of the current study suggest that there is an urgent need to strengthen lipid management strategies in the South African diabetic population. 

Keywords
Diabetic dyslipidaemia
South Africa
Predictors
Systematic review
Meta-analysis
Funding
None.
Conflict of interest
The author declares no conflict of interest.
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Eurasian Journal of Medicine and Oncology, Electronic ISSN: 2587-196X Print ISSN: 2587-2400, Published by AccScience Publishing
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