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Incidence and prevalence of Lewy body dementia in India: A systematic review

Harshini Priya Kirushnakumar1* ,  Niranjana Mohan2 ,  Joseph P. M. Kane3
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1 Department of Psychiatry, Lincolnshire Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Boston, Lincolnshire, United Kingdom
2 Northern Ireland Medical and Dental Training Agency, Belfast, Ireland, United Kingdom
3 Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, United Kingdom
Advanced Neurology, 4098 https://doi.org/10.36922/an.4098
Submitted: 1 July 2024 | Accepted: 26 August 2024 | Published: 10 October 2024
© 2024 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

With increasing life expectancy in India, the prevalence of age-related disorders, such as dementia has also increased. Health and social care resources for each state are allocated based on their inhabitants’ age, sex, education, and urban/rural status but not on the dementia subtype, which can significantly influence prognosis, healthcare utilization, and quality of life. Herein, we aimed to systematically review studies investigating the prevalence of the Lewy body dementia (LBD) subtype in India. We conducted a systematic review of EMBASE, MEDLINE, and APA PsychINFO databases on June 22, 2023. Two independent reviewers performed screening and full-text review, with a third reviewer resolving any disputes. Quality was assessed for each extracted paper. Of 1372 identified studies, full-text reviews were conducted on 399 and data were extracted from 4. Two studies included prevalence data on dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), one on Parkinson’s disease dementia and one on LBD. DLB or LBD has been reported to represent 1.0 – 8.9% of dementia diagnoses. Methodological heterogeneity was characterized by study design, access to biomarkers, diagnostic criteria, and use of cognitive tools. No studies reported incidence data. A paucity of research on LBD epidemiology in India is compounded by methodological heterogeneity, poorly representative cohorts, and varying access to biomarkers. Consensus guidelines may support data harmonization and the creation of multisite consortia, which could redress the under-representation of Central Asian data in epidemiological and genetic LBD studies.

Keywords
Lewy body dementia
Dementia with Lewy bodies
Parkinson’s disease dementia
Prevalence
Incidence
India
Funding
Access to the use of the Covidence platform for this project funded by the Centre for Public Health at Queen’s University Belfast.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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Advanced Neurology, Electronic ISSN: 2810-9619 Print ISSN: 3060-8589, Published by AccScience Publishing
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