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REVIEW

Choroid plexus tumors: A spectrum from benign to malignant

Ali A. Mohamed1 ,  Thomas Caussat1 ,  Sophie Kelly1 ,  Phillip M. Johansen2 ,  Brandon Lucke-Wold3*
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1 Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
2 Department of Neurosurgery, University of South Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
3 Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
Tumor Discovery 2023, 2(2), 1057 https://doi.org/10.36922/td.1057
Submitted: 8 June 2023 | Accepted: 28 July 2023 | Published: 18 August 2023
© 2023 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Choroid plexus tumors (CPT) are believed to originate from outgrowths of the choroid plexus. Despite their broad spectrum of symptoms, invasive nature, and prognosis, most CPTs typically exhibit similar presentations due to their relationship with the cerebral ventricles, as well as the mechanical obstruction and mass effect associated with their growth. In addition, these tumors mainly affect the pediatric population, further complicating the differentiation between benign and malignant subtypes. The World Health Organization classifies CPTs into three grades, namely, grades I, II, or III, based on their mitotic activity, which determine the benign or malignant nature of the tumors. CPTs classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) include choroid plexus papillomas (CPP), atypical CPPs (aCPP), and malignant choroid plexus carcinomas (CPC). Choroid plexus adenomas represent an additional category of benign CPTs not officially classified by the WHO. Despite the variations in histology, immunohistochemistry, imaging, treatment, and prognosis, CPTs cannot be reliably distinguished based solely on clinical presentation. Therefore, in this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of each tumor subtype, along with the current management approach and emerging treatments.

Keywords
Choroid plexus
Choroid plexus tumors
Choroid plexus adenoma
Choroid plexus papilloma
Choroid plexus carcinoma
Funding
None.
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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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Tumor Discovery, Electronic ISSN: 2810-9775 Published by AccScience Publishing
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