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REVIEW ARTICLE

Resilience strategies for healthcare supply chains: Lessons from global crises and future directions

Sara Diogo Gonçalves1* ,  Ana Caramelo2,3
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1 Gabinete de Projetos e Investigação Aplicada, Murça, Portugal
2 Clinical Academic Center of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
3 RISE-Health, School of Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
SCMR, 025460012 https://doi.org/10.36922/SCMR025460012
Received: 11 November 2025 | Revised: 20 April 2026 | Accepted: 14 May 2026 | Published online: 5 June 2026
© 2026 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution -Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC-by the license) ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Healthcare supply chains are critical infrastructures that ensure the availability of medicines, medical devices, and essential consumables for patient care. However, recent global crises, including the COVID-19 pandemic, geopolitical conflicts, and natural disasters, have exposed significant vulnerabilities in their structure and functioning. This paper provides a narrative review of resilience strategies in healthcare supply chains, highlighting lessons learned from past disruptions and exploring approaches to strengthen preparedness for future challenges. Key themes discussed include supplier diversification, inventory optimization, digitalization and real-time data sharing, local sourcing, and collaborative partnerships across public and private stakeholders. Particular attention is given to the role of risk management frameworks, predictive analytics, and sustainable practices in enhancing flexibility and responsiveness. Despite a growing body of literature, existing reviews often remain thematically narrow, crisis-specific, or fail to integrate sustainability and equity dimensions, limiting their applicability for future system-wide preparedness. By integrating technological innovation with organizational and behavioral strategies, this review aims to contribute to the development of robust supply chain systems that can withstand future global shocks.

Keywords
Digital transformation
Healthcare supply chains
Local sourcing
Resilience
Risk management
Sustainability
Funding
None.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare they have no competing interests.
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Supply Chain Management Research, Published by AccScience Publishing
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