Urban heritage constitutes the irreplaceable cultural backbone of modern cities, carrying tangible architectural relics, intangible local customs, and layered historical memories amid rapid global urbanization. Contemporary urban development is constantly confronted with intertwined dilemmas: unregulated large-scale demolition, homogenized commercial renovation, climate-induced structural decay, and mismatched post-renovation vitality loss, which threaten the sustainability of historic urban landscapes. This special issue gathers high-quality empirical and theoretical contributions centered on urban heritage conservation and adaptive regeneration. It welcomes interdisciplinary research spanning architectural design, urban planning, cultural heritage management, fire safety protection, socio-economic revitalization, and low-carbon retrofitting. Accepted works may include systematic reviews, quantitative spatial analyses, case comparisons of heritage districts, resilience-oriented renewal frameworks, and policy optimization studies from global metropolitan contexts. By synthesising diversified practical experiences and innovative technical paradigms, this collection aims to unpack balanced development paths that reconcile heritage preservation with urban renewal. It further intends to offer actionable theoretical references for planners, heritage administrators, and policymakers to implement inclusive, resilient, and culturally distinctive urban heritage regeneration worldwide.