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REVIEW ARTICLE

Recent progress in electromagnetic microwave absorption of additively manufactured carbon fiber-reinforced polymer structures

Quanjin Ma1 ,  Ke Dong1 ,  Feirui Li1 ,  Yanjie Wu2 ,  Jing Tian2 ,  Ming Yu3 ,  Yi Xiong1*
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1 School of Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
2 School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
3 Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
ESAM 2025, 1(2), 025160008 https://doi.org/10.36922/ESAM025160008
Received: 15 April 2025 | Revised: 3 June 2025 | Accepted: 4 June 2025 | Published online: 16 June 2025
© 2025 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Recent advances in additive manufacturing have significantly expanded the design and fabrication capabilities of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) structures, particularly in the context of electromagnetic microwave absorption (EMWA). This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research on EMWA properties of additively manufactured CFRP structures, focusing on EMWA mechanisms, polymer material, and additively manufactured microwave absorbers. Key topics include the EMWA mechanisms inherent to various fiber-reinforced materials and the role of additive manufacturing processes in tailoring EMWA performance. Moreover, the review paper summarizes the electromagnetic characteristics of various fiber-reinforced materials and evaluates the microwave absorption performance of additively manufactured absorbers, highlighting the trade-offs between electromagnetic and load-bearing performance. Furthermore, challenges and future perspectives are discussed to provide new insights into enhancing EMWA and balancing EMWA with load-bearing capabilities. It explores new possibilities for next-generation advanced additively manufactured CFRP microwave absorbers that maintain excellent load-bearing properties.

Keywords
Electromagnetic microwave absorption
Microwave absorption mechanism
Microwave absorber
Additive manufacturing
Microwave absorbing materials
Load-bearing performance
Funding
This work was supported by the Guangdong Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program (No. 2021ZT09X256), High Level of Special Funds (No. G03034K003), and Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (No. JCYJ20240813100904006).
Conflict of interest
Yi Xiong is an Editorial Board Member of this journal but was not in any way involved in the editorial and peer-review process conducted for this paper, directly or indirectly. Separately, other authors declared that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have influenced the work reported in this paper.
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Engineering Science in Additive Manufacturing, Published by AccScience Publishing
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