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REVIEW ARTICLE

Molecular insights into RIPK-family regulation of programmed cell death in pancreatic pathologies

Fan Zhang1,2 ,  Dingmao Wang1*
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1 Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Haikou, Hainan, China
2 epartment of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Haikou, Hainan, China
EJMO, 026160178 https://doi.org/10.36922/EJMO026160178
Received: 15 April 2026 | Revised: 14 May 2026 | Accepted: 28 May 2026 | Published online: 24 June 2026
© 2026 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution -Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC-by the license) ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Pancreatic diseases, including acute pancreatitis (AP), chronic pancreatitis (CP), and pancreatic cancer (PC), represent significant threats to human health, with programmed cell death (PCD) playing a pivotal role in their pathogenesis and progression. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the molecular mechanisms by which receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIPK) family members regulate PCD and their pathophysiological roles in various pancreatic diseases. In AP, RIPK3-mediated necroptosis is a key factor in acinar cell damage and the exacerbation of systemic inflammation. In CP, RIPK family members contribute to the progression from chronic inflammation to fibrosis through modulation of the NF-κB pathway and loss of parenchymal cells. In the context of PC, dysregulated expression of RIPK1/3 is strongly linked to tumor progression and chemoresistance, with the induction of necroptosis emerging as a promising strategy to overcome apoptosis resistance. Additionally, this review discusses the potential clinical value of RIPK3 and phosphorylated mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase as biomarkers for necroptosis, as well as recent advancements in RIPK1 kinase inhibitors in clinical trials. A deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing RIPK-mediated cell death not only sheds light on the pathogenic progression of pancreatic diseases but also lays the groundwork for precision anti-inflammatory interventions and the development of novel therapeutic targets.

Keywords
RIPK family
Programmed cell death
Necroptosis
Pancreatic cancer
Acute pancreatitis
Chronic pancreatitis
Funding
None.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest related to this work.
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