AccScience Publishing / EJMO / Volume 8 / Issue 1 / DOI: 10.14744/ejmo.2024.24156
RESEARCH ARTICLE

miR-21 Expression and its Correlation with Demographics, Subtypes, and Tumour Suppressor Genes; PTEN and PDCD4 in Breast Cancer Tissues in Malaysia

Sharon Rachel Wong1 Chong Pei Pei1,5 Mohd Tamrin Mohd Islahuddin2 Anita Baghawi3 Gew Lai Ti4 Nallammai Singaram1 Lee Sau Har1,5
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1 School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Selangor, Malaysia
2 Surgical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
3 Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Hospital Putrajaya, Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya, Malaysia
4 Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway,Selangor, Malaysia
5 Digital Health and Medical Advancements Impact Lab, Taylor’s University, Selangor, Malaysia




Submitted: 10 December 2023 | Revised: 2 February 2024 | Accepted: 7 February 2024 | Published: 6 March 2024
© 2024 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution -Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC-by the license) ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ )
Abstract

Objectives: Despite extensive research in breast cancer (BC) genomics, most studies are from Western countries, which do not reflect the multi-ethnic make-up of Malaysia. Hence, microribonucleic acid-21 (miRNA-21), which is known to be an oncogenic stimulator of BC will be investigated by comparing its expression between breast tumour tissues and normal adjacent tissues excised from 67 BC patients, ethnic groups, age groups distribution, neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) treated and untreated patients, as well as BC subtypes.

Methods: Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to measure the distribution of miR-21 expression in the paired BC tissues. The expression of the tumour suppressors; PTEN and PDCD4 was also investigated via RT-qPCR and Western Blot for its gene and protein expressions.

Results: The results only showed the significance of miR-21 and PTEN expression between the normal adjacent tissues and BC tissues (p<0.05). Additionally, there was a lack of correlation between gene expression of miR-21 against PTEN and PDCD4. Protein expression analysis did not show a significant difference in tumour suppressor proteins; PTEN and PDCD4 expression in both tissue types.

Conclusion: miR-21 has a notable presence in BC and is a suitable biomarker to be evaluated further in patients of all ethnicities and age groups.

Keywords
Breast cancer
Malaysia
miR-21
PTEN
PDCD4
Conflict of interest
None declared.
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