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CASE REPORT

Clostridium spiroforme-induced diarrhea in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia: A case report

Chunyan Gao1† ,  Panfei Hou2† ,  Jing Yu3 ,  Yukai Jing1*
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1 Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
2 Department of Clinical Laboratory, Lianshui People’s Hospital Affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianshui, Jiangsu, China
3 Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
CP 2024, 6(3), 4102
Submitted: 1 July 2024 | Accepted: 8 October 2024 | Published: 25 October 2024
© 2024 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Clostridium spiroforme is a Gram-positive, obligate anaerobic bacillus. Previous studies have suggested that C. spiroforme mainly causes typhlocolitis and enterotoxemia in rabbits, with few documented cases of human infections. We present a rare case of acute diarrhea caused by C. spiroforme in a 78-year-old female patient with acute leukemia. In the early stages of infection, the patient experienced up to 10 episodes of diarrhea per day. She was subsequently treated with live Clostridium butyricum capsules to modulate the intestinal microflora, and her symptoms resolved after 7 days of treatment. This case report highlights an uncommon intestinal infection with C. spiroforme in a patient with a hematologic malignancy, contributing valuable clinical insights into this rare infection.

Keywords
Clostridium spiroforme
Diarrhea
Acute myeloid leukemia
Funding
This study was supported by startup funding from Shanxi Bethune Hospital (2021RC009).
Conflict of interest
The authors declare they have no competing interests.
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