AccScience Publishing / BH / Online First / DOI: 10.36922/bh.5722
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Stroke risk among Nigerians with diabetes and hypertension: A pilot retrospective cohort study

Abba Musa Abbdullahi1* Usman Auwalu Isah2
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1 Department of Life Sciences, University of South Wales, Wales, United Kingdom
2 Department of Retainership, National Orthopaedic Hospital Dala, Kano State, Nigeria
Submitted: 30 October 2024 | Revised: 16 December 2024 | Accepted: 17 December 2024 | Published: 6 January 2025
© 2025 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
Abstract

Stroke is a leading cause of illness and death worldwide, often leaving survivors with severe disabilities. In sub-Saharan Africa, strokes remain prevalent among individuals with diabetes, hypertension (HTN), or both, significantly impacting the health, social stability, and economic well-being of families and communities. This study aimed to assess the risk of stroke development in Nigerian individuals diagnosed with both diabetes and HTN. The research included diabetic and hypertensive patients who attended the outpatient clinics at Imam Halliru and Imam Wali General Hospitals in Kano between January 2015 and August 2020. Patient data were manually extracted from hospital records. Regression and correlation analyses were conducted to compare the stroke risk between patients with either diabetes or HTN and those with both conditions. Among the 933 participants, 200 exhibited clinical features consistent with the World Health Organization definition of stroke. Of these, 85 (37.5%) had HTN, 67 (33.5%) had diabetes, and 58 (29%) had both conditions. Unemployment, female gender, advanced age, diabetes, and HTN were identified as factors associated with an increased stroke risk in the unadjusted analysis. The findings highlight a significantly higher stroke risk for Nigerians with both diabetes and HTN. Therefore, strict blood pressure control for hypertensive patients and rigorous blood sugar management for diabetic patients is critical.

Keywords
Stroke
Diabetes
Risk
Nigeria
Funding
None.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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Brain & Heart, Electronic ISSN: 2972-4139 Published by AccScience Publishing