AccScience Publishing / AN / Online First / DOI: 10.36922/an.3948
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CASE REPORT

Intracranial arachnoid cyst complicated with subdural hygroma in a 10-year-old child: A case report and literature review

Inas El Kacemi1 ,  Yao Christian Hugues Dokponou1* ,  Rosina T. Gyamera1 ,  Mehdi Hakkou1 ,  Mohammed Y. Oudrhiri1 ,  Mahjouba Boutarbouch1 ,  Adyl Melhaoui1 ,  Yasser Arkha1 ,  Abdessamad El Ouahabi1
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1 Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
Advanced Neurology, 3948 https://doi.org/10.36922/an.3948
Submitted: 15 June 2024 | Accepted: 21 October 2024 | Published: 13 November 2024
© 2024 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Arachnoid cysts are abnormal collections of fluids within the arachnoid membrane after a doubling of the structure. These benign lesions represent only 1% of all intracranial space-occupying lesions. The affected patient can remain asymptomatic for several years, which is an incidental finding in most cases. Cysts have been reported to rupture after a minor head trauma, causing subdural hygroma or hematoma; however, spontaneous rupture complicated with subdural hygroma has been rarely reported. Herein, we report a rare case of a 10-year-old boy whose pregnancy follow-up, delivery, and parent’s medical history were unremarkable. The patient was admitted for a temporal arachnoid cyst complicated with subdural hygroma, which was determined to be caused by intracranial hypertensive syndrome. He was successfully treated through endoscopic arachnoid cyst fenestration, wherein a pathway was created for the cyst to communicate with the subarachnoid space through the basal cisterns. The choice of treatment for arachnoid cysts remains controversial. Endoscopic treatment is considered when an ipsilateral subdural hygroma is present. Intracranial hypertensive syndrome subsided immediately after surgery. No post-operative complications occurred. The child recovered uneventfully in the post-operative period and was discharged 5 days after surgery. He underwent a follow-up computed tomography 1 month later, confirming a progressive regression of the hygroma as well as arachnoid cyst.

Keywords
Subdural hygroma
Pediatrics
Sylvian arachnoid cysts
Endoscopic treatment
Case report
Funding
None.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare they have no competing interests.
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Advanced Neurology, Electronic ISSN: 2810-9619 Print ISSN: 3060-8589, Published by AccScience Publishing
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