AccScience Publishing / AN / Volume 3 / Issue 1 / DOI: 10.36922/an.0980
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CASE REPORT

Seizure as the first symptom of cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula: A case report and literature review

Mengxin Li1† Shuai Jia1† Jian Li1 Jianhong Geng1 Xiaojun Zhang1 Yanqiang Wang1*
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1 Department of Neurology II, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
Advanced Neurology 2024, 3(1), 0980 https://doi.org/10.36922/an.0980
Submitted: 23 May 2023 | Accepted: 12 October 2023 | Published: 9 November 2023
© 2023 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
Abstract

Cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula (CS-DAVF) is an abnormal arteriovenous communication associated with a variety of clinical manifestations. The previous literature has rarely reported the occurrence of CS-DAVF with seizures and cerebral hemorrhage, signaling the need for more case reports and literature review in this area. A 62-year-old Chinese female presented with a paroxysmal loss of consciousness, accompanied with involuntary eye movement to the left, chewing issues, salivation at the right corner of the mouth, and bit tongue. The brain computed tomography revealed that the left temporal lobe was hemorrhagic. Brain scan and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed diffuse meningeal enhancement and lesions in the left frontoparietal temporal lobe, insular lobe, and hippocampal head region. Electroencephalography demonstrated continuous emission of spike and slow waves in the left hemisphere. With the aid of digital subtraction angiography, the patient was confirmed with a diagnosis of CS-DAVF draining into the ipsilateral cavernous sinus, intercavernous sinus, contralateral cavernous sinus, left superior ophthalmic vein, left lateral fissure vein, and left pterygoid venous plexus. The fistula was closed with interventional embolization through the femoral vein, and immediate angiography showed complete resolution of CS-DAVF after operation. The patient did not manifest any post-operative complications. This case highlights that the prevention of epilepsy, cerebral hemorrhage, and other serious complications is extremely important for good prognosis, especially in some patients presenting with serious clinical symptoms. It also sheds light on the necessity to consider the diagnosis of CS-DAVF if seizures, although extremely rare, are present.

Keywords
Cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula
Epileptic seizures
Digital subtraction angiography
Interventional embolization
Case report
Funding
Clinical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
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Advanced Neurology, Electronic ISSN: 2810-9619 Print ISSN: 3060-8589, Published by AccScience Publishing