Electronic waste (e-waste) has become one of the fastest-growing sources of environmental contamination, generating complex risks for human health. Although research on e-waste toxicity has expanded over the past two decades, the overall structure and evolution of this literature remain insufficiently synthesized. This study examines how toxicological research on e-waste has evolved between 2006 and 2024 using an integrated bibliometric and text-mining approach. A total of 525 peer-reviewed articles indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection were analyzed through a combined bibliometric and text-mining framework. Latent Dirichlet allocation was applied to identify dominant research themes, while the Louvain and Leiden algorithms were used to uncover conceptual groupings within the literature. The results reveal a clear progression from early studies focusing on heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants to increased attention to brominated flame retardants and polychlorinated biphenyls in the 2010s. Since 2020, research has shifted toward cadmium-related environmental and epidemiological studies, alongside growing interest in oxidative stress, indoor dust, and plasticizers. These trends reflect a broader emphasis on indirect exposure pathways and multisystem health effects. Overall, this study provides a broad overview of evolving toxicological research trends in e-waste studies and highlights recent thematic developments related to environmental health and exposure pathways.