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REVIEW ARTICLE

Recent advances in simultaneous saline wastewater treatment and methane storage: A review

Yalong Ding1* ,  Shihan Zhang1 ,  Yang Li1 ,  Guoyu Wang1 ,  Yuyang Tao1 ,  Tongtong Wang1 ,  Ziteng He1 ,  Ruzhu Chen1
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1 Department of Energy Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, Henan, China
AJWEP, 025440336 https://doi.org/10.36922/AJWEP025440336
Received: 27 October 2025 | Revised: 22 November 2025 | Accepted: 8 December 2025 | Published online: 15 January 2026
© 2026 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Water recovery and reuse are crucial strategies for addressing water scarcity and environmental pollution. Conventional wastewater treatment relies on pollutant removal or degradation; however, it often involves complex unit operations and high energy demand, with limited water recovery. Leveraging the unique structure and physicochemical properties of hydrate crystals, hydrate-based water treatment technologies enable direct extraction and reuse of water molecules through solid-liquid phase transitions, garnering increasing attention. Concurrently, hydrate-based methane storage offers distinctive advantages, including elevated storage capacity, moderate storage and transportation conditions, straightforward release mechanisms, and cost-effectiveness. Building upon this foundation, a dual-purpose strategy emerged, utilizing methane gas to form hydrates with water molecules in saline wastewater. Simple solid-liquid separation then isolates the hydrates from the wastewater. The subsequent decomposition of methane hydrates yields methane gas and pure water, achieving both water purification and recovery, as well as methane storage and release. The nucleation and growth process of hydrates, the exclusion of pollutants via crystal phase transitions, the slow growth kinetics of hydrates, and the difficulties associated with separating solids from liquids after formation have all limited the use of hydrate methods in wastewater treatment. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the application of the hydrate method in gas storage and treatment of saline wastewater, including the utilization of pure methane hydrates, thermodynamic and kinetic promoters, and the key role of porous media in the formation and decomposition of methane hydrates. This review offers valuable insights for practitioners engaged in methane storage and saline wastewater treatment.

Keywords
Saline wastewater
Hydrate
Methane storage
Promoter
Gas storage capacity
Funding
This work was funded by the Key Projects of Universities in Henan Province (21B530004), Key Research and Development and Promotion Projects in Henan Province (212102311152, 232102240043, and 222102320377), and Postgraduate Education Reform and Quality Improvement Project of Henan Province (YJS2023JD51).
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution, Electronic ISSN: 1875-8568 Print ISSN: 0972-9860, Published by AccScience Publishing
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