AccScience Publishing / AJWEP / Online First / DOI: 10.36922/AJWEP025110069
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Internet of things-based water quality monitoring: A case study in the coastal areas of Semarang city and Kendal Regency, Central Java, Indonesia

Rizky Muliani Dwi Ujianti1* ,  Mega Novita2 ,  Aan Burhanudin3 ,  Muchamad Malik3 ,  Agus Mukhtar3 ,  Althesa Androva3 ,  Roies Nur Ingsan3 ,  Alfan Najihil Wafa3 ,  Jeki Mediantari Wahyu Wibawanti4
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1 Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, Universitas PGRI Semarang, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
2 Department of Informatics, Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, Universitas PGRI Semarang, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, Universitas PGRI Semarang, Central Java, Semarang, Indonesia
4 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science, Universitas Muhamamdiyah Purworejo, Purworejo, Central Java, Indonesia
AJWEP, 025110069 https://doi.org/10.36922/AJWEP025110069
Received: 10 March 2025 | Revised: 30 May 2025 | Accepted: 3 June 2025 | Published online: 24 June 2025
© 2025 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Coastal areas serve as vital habitats for aquatic organisms, but they are facing increasing environmental degradation due to pollution and human activities. Continuous and accurate water quality monitoring in these regions is essential for sustainable ecosystem management. This study presents a novel Internet of Things (IoT)-based water quality monitoring system that distinguishes itself from prior approaches through its real-time, second-by-second data acquisition, on-site display, and low-cost architecture tailored for tropical coastal environments. The system utilizes a Node MicroController unit microcontroller integrated with pH, temperature, and total dissolved solids sensors. It displays data through a liquid crystal display and transmits it to a cloud-based server for further analysis. Calibration of the sensors resulted in an average error rate of 2.0%, which is within the acceptable range for practical water quality assessment. A key innovation of this system is its continuous monitoring and instant detection of deviations in water quality parameters, enhancing the responsiveness to potential environmental threats. This solution reduces the dependence on labor-intensive manual sampling and enables long-term historical data storage and analysis, supporting data-driven decision-making by researchers and local authorities. The results demonstrate that the IoT-based monitoring system is reliable, cost-effective, and adaptable, making it a promising tool for the sustainable management of coastal water ecosystems in Semarang city and Kendal Regency, Central Java, Indonesia.

Keywords
Water quality
Internet of Things
Coastal area
Central Java
Indonesia
Funding
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution, Electronic ISSN: 1875-8568 Print ISSN: 0972-9860, Published by AccScience Publishing
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