AccScience Publishing / AJWEP / Volume 15 / Issue 1 / DOI: 10.3233/AJW-180003
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Removal of Aluminum(III) from Polluted Water  Using Active Carbon Derived from Barks of  Ficus Racemosa Plant

Anna Aruna Kumari1 K. Ravindhranath2*
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1 Department of Chemistry, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur – 522510, A.P., India
2 Dept of Chemistry, KL University, Vaddeswaram, Guntur – 522502, A.P., India
AJWEP 2018, 15(1), 23–39; https://doi.org/10.3233/AJW-180003
Submitted: 11 July 2017 | Revised: 16 November 2017 | Accepted: 16 November 2017 | Published: 29 January 2018
© 2018 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution -Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC-by the license) ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ )
Abstract

Nitric acid activated carbon is prepared from barks of Ficus Racemosa plant and it is characterized for various parameters to assess its suitability as adsorbent for the removal of Al (III) ions from polluted water. By adopting batch methods, the effect of various major parameters such as pH, contract time, initial Al(III) ion concentration, adsorbent dosage, particle size and temperature, on the affinity of the active carbon towards Al(III), is investigated and optimized for the maximum removal of Al(III) ions. The influence of co-ions on the extraction is investigated. Various adsorption isotherms such as Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin and Dubinin- Radushkevich are analyzed and correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.998) and dimensionless separation factor (RL = 0.0035174) values, confirm that the sorption process obeys Langmuir adsorption, indicating monolayer formation. Further, the Temkin heat of sorption, B = 2.227 J/mol and the Dubinin-Radushkevich mean free energy, E = 7.071 kJ/mol indicate that the adsorption is ‘physisorption’ in nature. Pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Weber and Morris intraparticle diffusion, Bangham’s pore diffusion and Elovich equations are applied to identify the rate and kinetics of adsorption process. The adsorption process has good correlation coefficient values with pseudo-second-order model. FTIR studies indicate the involvement of some surface functional groups in Al(III) adsorption. The methodology developed is applied to real Al(III) contaminated water samples and found to be successful.

Keywords
Al(III) ions
barks of Ficus Racemosa plant
adsorption
adsorption isotherms and kinetics
characterization studies
applications
Conflict of interest
The authors declare they have no competing interests.
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