The Influence of the Brown Bear (Ursusarctos) Population Increase on the Populations of Wild Ungulates in the Republic of Buryatia and the Amur Region
The purpose of this work is to determine the effect of brown bear population growth on the population of wild ungulates by the example of Amur Region and the Republic of Buryatia. Studies were conducted in spring, summer, autumn and winter by routing bear trails and natural habitat areas and collecting animal activity observations. The sizes of individual species’ habitats were determined as well as predator’s influence on wild ungulates, living on the same territories, was studied. During research studies, conducted over a period of 10 years, a direct relation between bear population growth and wild ungulates’ population decrease on the territories under consideration was established, and, in case of active predator population control, an inverse relationship was revealed as well.
Akhremenko, A.K. and V.T. Sedalishchev (2008). Specific ecological features of the brown bear (Ursusarctos L. 1758) in Yakutia. Russian Journal of Ecology, 39(3): 188-192.
Berns, V.D., Atwell, G.C. and D.L. Boone (1980). Brown bear movements and habitat use at Karluk Lake, Kodiak Island. Bear Biology Association Confh. Wash. (D.C.), 293-296 p.
Chernyavsky, F.B. and M.A. Krechmar (2001). Brown bear (Ursusarctos L.) in the North-East of Siberia. Magadan: IBPS SVNTS DVO RAN, 93 p.
Craighead, J.J. and J.A. Mitchell (1982). Grizzly bear (Ursusarctos). Mammals of North America. Johns Hopkins University Press. Baltimore, Maryland, USA, 515-555 p.
Danilkin, A.A. (1999). Mammals of Russia and adjacent regions. Deer (Cervidae). Moscow: GEOS, 552 p.
Departmental documentation of the Department for the Protection, Control and Regulation of the Use of Wildlife and its Environment in the Amur Region. 2016 State Hunting Register Maintenance Statistics, dated 13/09/2016.
Departmental documentation of the Republican Service for the Protection, Control and Regulation of the Use of Wildlife Objects Related to Hunting, Control and Supervision Facilities in the Sphere of Nature Management (Burprirodnadzor).
Hall, E.R. and K.R. Ktison (1959). The mammals of North America. N.Y., 1/2: 1083.
Herrero, S. (1972). Aspects of evolution and adaptation in American black bears (Ursusamericanus Pallas) and brown and grizzly bears (Ursusarctos Linn.) of North America. Bears: Their biology and management. 2: 221-231.
Itoh, T., Sato, Y., Mano, T. and R. Iwata (2009). Estimating a suitable microsatellite marker set for individual identification and parentage tests of brown bear (Ursusarctos) in the Akan–Shiranuka Region, eastern Hokkaido, Japan. Journal of Forest Research, 14(2): 117-122.
Itoh, T., Sato, Y., Kobayashi, K., Mano T. and R. Iwata (2012). Effective Dispersal of Brown Bears (Ursusarctos)in Eastern Hokkaido, Inferred from Analyses of Mitochondrial DNA and Microsatellites. The Mammal Society of Japan, Mammal Study, 37: 29-41.
Itoh, T., Sato, Y., Tsuruga, H., Mano, T., Kohira, M., Yamanaka, M. ... and R. Iwata (2013). Estimating the population structure of brown bears in eastern Hokkaido based on microsatellite analysis. Actatheriologica, 58(2): 127-138.
Kitamura, T., Sato, Y. and S. Takatsuki (2010). Altitudinal variation in the diet of sika deer on the Izu Peninsula: Patterns in the transitional zone of geographic variation along the Japanese archipelago. Acta Theriologica, 55(1): 89-93.
Kolstad, M., Mysterud, I., Kvam, T., Sørensen, O.J. and S. Wikan (1986). Status of the brown bear in Norway: Distribution and population 1978-82. Biol. Conserv., 38: 79-99.
Konstantinov, S.V. and I.M. Cheremkin (2016). Feeding of a brown bear (Ursusarctos L.) in the Norskoe reserve and adjacent territories. Problems of ecology of the Upper Amur Region. Collection of scientific papers. Blagoveshchensk: BSPU, 17: 77-86.
Mordasov, I.I. (2006). Brown bear (Ursusarctos, L) of Yakutia. Bulletin of YSU, 3(4).
Pavlov, A.M. and Yoshikazu Sato (2017). Habitat the brown Bear Ursusarctos L.). in the Amur Region. Dalnevostochnyyagrarnyyvestnik [Far Eastern Agrarian Herald], 3(43): 130-138.
Pazhetnov, V.S. (2016). Hunting is a factor that supports the fear of a bear in a brown bear. Herald of Hunting, 13(1): 77.
Sato, Y., Tsutomu, M. and T. Seiki (2000). Applicability of the Point-Frame Method for Quantitative Evaluation of Bear Diet. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 311-316.
Sato, Y., Aoi, T., Kaji, K. and S. Takatsuki (2004). Temporal changes in the population density and diet of brown bears in eastern Hokkaido, Japan. The Mammalogical Society of Japan, Mammal Study, 29: 47-53.
Sato, Y., Mano, T. and S. Takatsuki (2005). Stomach contents of brown bears (Ursusarctos) in Hokkaido, Japan. Wildl. Biol., 11: 133-144.
Serdykina, I.V., Pachkovsky, D., Shuntova, V.P. and G.R. Rygorodetsky (2006). Brown bear of Kamchatka: Ecology, protection and rational use. Vladivostok: Dal’nauka, 148 p.
Shevchenko, B.P. (2003). Anatomy of a brown bear. Orenburg, 454 p.
Starchenko, V.M. (2008). Flora of the Amur Region and the issues of its protection: The Far East of Russia. Moscow: Science, 228 p.
Tumanov, I.L. (2014). Features of biology and the state of brown bear stocks on the islands of the South Kuril. Scientific Notes of Petrozavodsk State University, 6(143): 16-21.
Yudin, V.G. (1993). Commercial animals of Russia and adjacent countries and their habitat. Bears: Brown bear, polar bear, Himalayan bear. Moscow: Science, 519 p.
Veklich, T.N. and G.F. Darman (2013). Illustrated flora of the Zeysky Reserve: The Far East of Russia. Blagoveshchensk: Llc “Studio Art”, 378 p.
Zavatsky, B.P. (1986). Method for determining the live weight of a bear by the weight of the cranium. lV Congress of the WTO. Moscow: USSR Academy of Sciences, 64-67 p.