AccScience Publishing / ITPS / Volume 6 / Issue 2 / DOI: 10.36922/itps.0618
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Evaluation of genotoxicity of (4-fluorophenyl) thiazolidin-4-one in CHO-K1 cells

Jhansi Mamilla1† ,  Kalpana Javvaji1,3† ,  Kavya Lekha Sunkara1 ,  Umesh B. Kosurkar2 ,  Ravindra M. Kumbhare2,3* ,  Sunil Misra1,3*
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1 Genetic Toxicology Lab, Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India
2 Department of Fluoro-Agrochemicals, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India
3 Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
INNOSC Theranostics and Pharmacological Sciences 2023, 6(2), 0618 https://doi.org/10.36922/itps.0618
Submitted: 18 April 2023 | Accepted: 18 July 2023 | Published: 7 August 2023
© 2023 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

4-thiazolidinones are five-membered heterocyclic ring compounds with diverse pharmacological impacts. In a previous study, we reported a series of newly synthesized derivatives of 4-thiazolidinones with different functional groups, which exhibited anticancer activity against ovarian (SKOV3) and cervical (HeLa) cancer cell lines. Among these derivatives, (4-fluorophenyl) thiazolidin-4-one (4-TH) demonstrated potent cytotoxic activity against SKOV3, with an IC50 value of 12.3 μM. However, it was also found to be extremely toxic to normal cells (CHO-K1) with an IC50 of 7.5 μM. Before considering its use in cancer research, it is crucial to gain a comprehensive understanding of its potential genotoxic effects on normal cells. In this study, we aimed to assess the in vitro cytogenetic toxicity of 4-TH using normal Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-K1). Referring to the IC50 of 4-TH, we selected three sub-lethal concentrations (2, 5, and 7.5 μM) and treated CHO-K1 cells for 24 h (one cell cycle duration) to estimate its dose-dependent induction of chromosome aberrations, and examine the effect of 4-TH on cell division, micronucleus induction potential and cell cycle arrest properties following standard protocols. The results showed that 4-TH was highly toxic to normal cells, as all three sublethal concentrations caused a statistically significant increase in the number of chromosomal aberrations (P < 0.001), formation of micronuclei (P < 0.01), and changes in the rate of cell division (mitotic index) (P < 0.05) compared to control. In addition, there was a significant increase in the number of cells in the G1 phase, indicating that all concentrations of 4-TH tested induced apoptosis. The evaluation of the cytotoxic, clastogenic, and aneugenic properties of 4-TH, a potent cytotoxic agent, will undoubtedly provide critical information for determining its safety and potential as an anticancer drug.

Keywords
Cytotoxicity
Chromosome aberration
Mitotic index
Micronucleus
Cell cycle
Funding
None.
Conflict of interest
All the authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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INNOSC Theranostics and Pharmacological Sciences, Electronic ISSN: 2705-0823 Print ISSN: 2705-0734, Published by AccScience Publishing
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